Fungal effectors

Fungal effectors are proteins or non-proteinaceous molecules (such as RNAs or small molecules) secreted by pathogenic fungi into a host organism in order to modulate the host's immune response.^[1]^[2]^[3]

^ Bent AF, Mackey D (2007). "Elicitors, effectors, and R genes: the new paradigm and a lifetime supply of questions". Annual Review of Phytopathology. 45: 399–436. doi:10.1146/annurev.phyto.45.062806.094427. PMID 17506648.
^ Stergiopoulos I, de Wit PJ (2009). "Fungal effector proteins". Annual Review of Phytopathology. 47: 233–263. doi:10.1146/annurev.phyto.112408.132637. PMID 19400631.
^ Shao D, Smith DL, Kabbage M, Roth MG (2021). "Effectors of Plant Necrotrophic Fungi". Frontiers in Plant Science. 12: 687713. doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.687713. PMC 8213389. PMID 34149788.

[1] Bent AF, Mackey D (2007). "Elicitors, effectors, and R genes: the new paradigm and a lifetime supply of questions". Annual Review of Phytopathology. 45: 399–436. doi:10.1146/annurev.phyto.45.062806.094427. PMID 17506648.

[2] Stergiopoulos I, de Wit PJ (2009). "Fungal effector proteins". Annual Review of Phytopathology. 47: 233–263. doi:10.1146/annurev.phyto.112408.132637. PMID 19400631.

[3] Shao D, Smith DL, Kabbage M, Roth MG (2021). "Effectors of Plant Necrotrophic Fungi". Frontiers in Plant Science. 12: 687713. doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.687713. PMC 8213389. PMID 34149788.

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