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Gabriel Terra | |
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President of Uruguay | |
In office May 18, 1934 – June 19, 1938 | |
Succeeded by | Alfredo Baldomir |
De facto President of Uruguay | |
In office March 31, 1933 – May 18, 1934 | |
Preceded by | Himself as constitutional president |
Succeeded by | Himself as designated president |
26th Constitutional President of Uruguay | |
In office March 1, 1931 – March 31, 1933 | |
Preceded by | Juan Campisteguy |
Succeeded by | Himself as de facto president |
Personal details | |
Born | August 1, 1873 Montevideo, Uruguay |
Died | September 15, 1942 (aged 69) Montevideo, Uruguay |
Spouse | María Marcelina Ilarraz Miranda |
Children | Gabriel Terra Ilarraz Isabel Casilda Terra Alfredo Terra Matilde Terra Mercedes Terra Olga Terra Antonio José Terra Raquel Sabina Terra |
Parent(s) | José Ladislao Terra Silveira, Joaquina Leivas y Caballero |
Education | Jurisprudence, Law, specialized in diplomacy, economics, and finance |
Occupation | Politician, jurist, and professor at the University of the Republic |
José Luis Gabriel Terra Leivas (Montevideo, August 1, 1873 – Montevideo, September 15, 1942) was a lawyer, professor, lecturer, economist, writer, statesman, and politician from Uruguay. Between 1900 and 1939, he served as a distinguished advisor to all Uruguayan governments on diplomatic, economic, and financial matters. From 1907 to 1922, he held significant ministerial positions and was a member of the National Council of Administration from 1926 to 1929. He governed as the Constitutional President from March 1, 1931, until his self-coup on March 31, 1933, marking the beginning of the historical period known as the "Terra dictatorship" or "March government." He governed provisionally until March 1, 1934, dissolved the Collegiate, and reinstated the single executive system through the 1934 Constitution, ruling until June 11, 1938.
Among Uruguayans, his de facto period from 1933 to 1934 is popularly referred to as a "dictablanda" (soft dictatorship) due to the civil and peaceful nature of the coup, in contrast to the broader Latin American context.
In 1938, he became President of the Bank of the Republic (Uruguay). That same year, he left the position due to a stroke, remaining paralyzed for four years until his death in near-extreme poverty on September 15, 1942. ```
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