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Gardiol language

Gardiol
Occitan Gardiol, Guardiol
Gardiòl
Native toItaly
RegionGuardia Piemontese
Native speakers
340 (2007)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3–
1h9
Glottologgard1245
ELPGardiol
Guardia Piemontese in Calabria, the place where Gardiol is spoken.
Gardiol is classified as Severely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger[3]

Gardiol (Occitan: Gardiòl) is the variety of Occitan still spoken today in Guardia Piemontese, Calabria.[4]

UNESCO classifies it as "seriously in danger" of disappearing in its Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger.[3] But on the contrary, Agostino Formica showed in 1999 that Gardiol Occitan was still surviving despite the small number of speakers.[5] Similarly, Pietro Monteleone stressed that Gardiol remained the language in common use in family and friendly relations.[6]

Gardiol is of North Occitan origin. The population of Guardia Piemontese arrived from the Occitan Valleys of Piedmont in the 14th century, following the persecutions against the Waldensians. It is therefore related to the Vivaro-Alpine.[3] However, Glottolog recognizes Gardiol as a distinct language within the Occitanic language family.[7]

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference Toso was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (2022-05-24). "Glottolog 4.8 - Shifted Western Romance". Glottolog. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Archived from the original on 2023-11-27. Retrieved 2025-05-18.
  3. ^ a b c Christopher Moseley; Alexandre Nicolas (2010). "Atlas of the world's languages in danger". UNESCO. Retrieved 2025-05-18.
  4. ^ Hans Peter Kunert (Università della Calabria), Occitani di Calabria, I Fonì Dikìma - La Nostra Voce - Rivista bilingue dell'area ellenofona, settembre 2006
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference Formica was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ "Per una identità di Guardia Piemontese tra dati demografici, riscontri, memoria e territorio", in op. cit.
  7. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Gardiol". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

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