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General Motors LS small-block engine | |
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![]() An LS1 engine in a 1998 Chevrolet Camaro | |
Overview | |
Manufacturer | General Motors |
Designer | Tom Stephens[1] Ed Koerner[1] |
Production | 1997–present |
Layout | |
Configuration | 90° V8, 90° V6 |
Displacement | 293–511 cu in (4.8–8.4 L) |
Cylinder bore | 3.78–4.185 in (96.0–106.3 mm) |
Piston stroke | 3.3–4.125 in (83.8–104.8 mm) |
Cylinder block material | Aluminum Cast iron |
Cylinder head material | Aluminum Cast iron |
Valvetrain |
|
Compression ratio | 9.08:1–13.1:1 |
Combustion | |
Fuel system | Fuel injection, carburetors[N 1] |
Fuel type | Gasoline, E85 |
Oil system | Wet sump, Dry sump |
Cooling system | Water-cooled |
Output | |
Power output | 255–755 hp (190–563 kW) |
Torque output | 285–715 lb⋅ft (386–969 N⋅m) |
Dimensions | |
Dry weight | 402–464 lb (182–210 kg)[3][4] |
Chronology | |
Predecessor | Chevrolet small-block engine (first and second generation) |
Successor | Chevrolet Gemini small-block engine |
The General Motors LS-based small-block engines are a family of V8 and offshoot V6 engines designed and manufactured by American automotive company General Motors. First introduced in 1997, the family is a continuation of the earlier first- and second-generation Chevrolet small-block engine, of which over 100 million have been produced altogether,[5] and is also considered to be one of the most popular V8 engines ever.[6][7][8][9] Spanning three generations, a new, sixth generation is expected to enter production soon.[10][11] Various small-block V8s were and still are available as crate engines.[12][13]
The "LS" nomenclature originally came from the Regular Production Option (RPO) code LS1, assigned to the first engine in the Gen III engine series. The LS nickname has since been used to refer generally to all Gen III and IV engines[14], but that practice can be misleading, since not all engine RPO codes in those generations begin with LS.[15] Likewise, although Gen V engines are generally referred to as "LT" small-blocks after the RPO LT1 first version, GM also used other two-letter RPO codes in the Gen V series.[16][17]
The LS1 was first fitted in the Chevrolet Corvette (C5),[18] and LS or LT engines have powered every generation of the Corvette since (with the exception of the Z06 variant of the eighth generation Corvette, which is powered by the unrelated Chevrolet Gemini small-block engine).[19] Various other General Motors automobiles have been powered by LS- and LT-based engines, including sports cars such as the Chevrolet Camaro/Pontiac Firebird and Holden Commodore, trucks such as the Chevrolet Silverado, and SUVs such as the Cadillac Escalade.[1]
A clean-sheet design, the only shared components between the Gen III engines and the first two generations of the Chevrolet small-block engine are the connecting rod bearings and valve lifters.[1] However, the Gen III and Gen IV engines were designed with modularity in mind, and several engines of the two generations share a large number of interchangeable parts.[20] Gen V engines do not share as much with the previous two, although the engine block is carried over, along with the connecting rods.[21] The serviceability and parts availability for various Gen III and Gen IV engines have made them a popular choice for engine swaps in the car enthusiast and hot rodding community, and sometimes is known colloquially as an LS swap.[22][23][24] These engines also enjoy a high degree of aftermarket support due to their popularity and affordability.[25]
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