Geometrically necessary dislocations

Geometrically necessary dislocations are like-signed dislocations needed to accommodate for plastic bending in a crystalline material.^[1] They are present when a material's plastic deformation is accompanied by internal plastic strain gradients.^[2] They are in contrast to statistically stored dislocations, with statistics of equal positive and negative signs, which arise during plastic flow from multiplication processes like the Frank-Read source.

^ D., Nix, William; Society., Materials Research (2016-09-15). Imperfections in crystalline solids. ISBN 9781107123137. OCLC 927400734.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ H., Courtney, Thomas (2005). Mechanical behavior of materials. Waveland Press. ISBN 978-1577664253. OCLC 894800884.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[:0-1] D., Nix, William; Society., Materials Research (2016-09-15). Imperfections in crystalline solids. ISBN 9781107123137. OCLC 927400734.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[:1-2] H., Courtney, Thomas (2005). Mechanical behavior of materials. Waveland Press. ISBN 978-1577664253. OCLC 894800884.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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