HEXACO model of personality structure

The HEXACO model of personality structure is a six-dimensional model of human personality that was created by Ashton and Lee and explained in their book, The H Factor of Personality,^[1] based on findings from a series of lexical studies involving several European and Asian languages. The six factors, or dimensions, include honesty-humility (H), emotionality (E), extraversion (X), agreeableness (A), conscientiousness (C), and openness to experience (O). Each factor is composed of traits with characteristics indicating high and low levels of the factor. The HEXACO model was developed through similar methods as other trait taxonomies and builds on the work of Costa and McCrae^[2] and Goldberg.^[3] The model, therefore, shares several common elements with other trait models. However, the HEXACO model is unique mainly due to the addition of the honesty-humility dimension.^[4]

^ Ashton, Michael C.; Lee, Kibeom; Perugini, Marco; Szarota, Piotr; de Vries, Reinout E.; Di Blas, Lisa; Boies, Kathleen; De Raad, Boele (2004). "A Six-Factor Structure of Personality-Descriptive Adjectives: Solutions From Psycholexical Studies in Seven Languages". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 86 (2): 356–366. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.86.2.356. ISSN 0022-3514. PMID 14769090.
^ Costa, P.T.,Jr. & McCrae, R.R. (1992). Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) manual.Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
^ Goldberg LR (January 1993). "The structure of phenotypic personality traits". Am Psychol. 48 (1): 26–34. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.48.1.26. PMID 8427480. S2CID 20595956.
^ Ashton MC, Lee K (2007). "Empirical, theoretical, and practical advantages of the HEXACO model of personality structure". Pers Soc Psychol Rev. 11 (2): 150–66. doi:10.1177/1088868306294907. PMID 18453460. S2CID 13183244.

[AshtonLee2004-1] Ashton, Michael C.; Lee, Kibeom; Perugini, Marco; Szarota, Piotr; de Vries, Reinout E.; Di Blas, Lisa; Boies, Kathleen; De Raad, Boele (2004). "A Six-Factor Structure of Personality-Descriptive Adjectives: Solutions From Psycholexical Studies in Seven Languages". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 86 (2): 356–366. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.86.2.356. ISSN 0022-3514. PMID 14769090.

[2] Costa, P.T.,Jr. & McCrae, R.R. (1992). Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) manual.Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.

[Goldberg-3] Goldberg LR (January 1993). "The structure of phenotypic personality traits". Am Psychol. 48 (1): 26–34. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.48.1.26. PMID 8427480. S2CID 20595956.

[4] Ashton MC, Lee K (2007). "Empirical, theoretical, and practical advantages of the HEXACO model of personality structure". Pers Soc Psychol Rev. 11 (2): 150–66. doi:10.1177/1088868306294907. PMID 18453460. S2CID 13183244.

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