Back حبش الحاسب Arabic হাবাশ আল-হাসিব আল-মারওয়াজি Bengali/Bangla Habaix al-Hàssib Catalan حەبەش حاسیب مەروەزی CKB Habasch al-Hasib al-Marwazi German Habash al-Hasib al-Marwazi Spanish Habash al-Hasib al-Marwazi Basque حبش حاسب Persian Habash Al-Hasib French Habasy al-Hasib ID
Habash al-Hasib | |
|---|---|
حبش الحاسب | |
| Born | Ahmad ibn ‘Abdallah al-Marwazi |
| Died | Between 864–874 (aged 100) Possibly in Abbasid Samarra, Abbasid Caliphate |
| Known for | tangent and cotangent, Kepler's equation |
| Children | Abu Ja'far ibn Habash |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Astronomy |
Ahmad ibn 'Abdallah al-Marwazi,[1][2] known as Habash al-Hasib (Persian: حبش الحاسب, lit. 'Abyssinian calculator',[1][2][3] died c. 869[4]) was a Persian[5][2] astronomer,[6] geographer, and mathematician from Merv in Khorasan, who discovered the trigonometric ratios tangent, and cotangent.[7] Al-Biruni who cited Habash in his work, expanded his astronomical tables.[3]
Habash al-Hasib flourished in Baghdad, and died a centenarian some time between 864 and 874[2][3][8] possibly in Abbasid Samarra.[4] The title "Habash" (Abbyssian) may refer to dark skin color.[3] He worked under two Abbasid caliphs, al-Ma'mun and al-Mu'tasim.[3]
Habash al-Hasib developed a trigonometric algorithm to solve problems related to parallax, which was later rediscovered by Johannes Kepler in 1609 and it is now known as Kepler's equation.[9][10]
Habash is the father of the astronomer Abu Ja'far ibn Habash.[3]
- ^ a b Kennedy, Edward Stewart (1956). A Survey of Islamic Astronomical Tables. American Philosophical Society. ISBN 978-0-87169-462-1.
{{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) - ^ a b c d "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-07. Retrieved 2013-09-04.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ a b c d e f Hartner, W (2012). "Ḥabas̲h̲ al-Ḥāsib al-Marwazī". referenceworks. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_sim_2572. Retrieved 2024-11-07.
- ^ a b Charette 2007.
- ^ General Cartography Archived 2017-12-09 at the Wayback Machine : "The Iranian geographers Abū Muhammad al-Hasan al-Hamdānī and Habash al-Hasib al-Marwazi set the Prime Meridian of their maps at Ujjain, a center of Indian astronomy"
- ^ Islamic Desk Reference, ed. E. J. Van Donzel, (Brill, 1994), 121.
- ^ "Trigonometry - India, Islamic World | Britannica". www.britannica.com. 2025-02-07. Retrieved 2025-02-14.
The first table of tangents and cotangents was constructed around 860 by Ḥabash al-Ḥāsib ("the Calculator"), who wrote on astronomy and astronomical instruments.
- ^ Selin, Helaine (2013-11-11). Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Westen Cultures. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-94-017-1416-7.
- ^ Livingston, John W. (2017-12-14). The Rise of Science in Islam and the West: From Shared Heritage to Parting of The Ways, 8th to 19th Centuries. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-58926-0.
- ^ North, John (2008-07-15). Cosmos: An Illustrated History of Astronomy and Cosmology. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-59441-5.
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