Hadad

Hadad
God of Weather, Hurricanes, Storms, Thunder and Rain
Assyrian soldiers carrying a statue of Adad
AbodeHeaven
SymbolThunderbolt, bull, lion
Personal information
ParentsMost common tradition:Sin and Ningal, or Dagon
SiblingsKishar, Inanna
ConsortShala, Medimsha
ChildrenGibil or Girra
Equivalents
Greek equivalentZeus
Roman equivalentJupiter
Canaanite equivalentBaal
Egyptian equivalentHorus
Hurrian equivalentTeshub

Hadad (Ugaritic: 𐎅𐎄, romanized: Haddu), Haddad, Adad (Akkadian: 𒀭𒅎 DIM, pronounced as Adād), or Iškur (Sumerian) was the storm and rain god in the Canaanite and ancient Mesopotamian religions. He was attested in Ebla as "Hadda" in c. 2500 BCE.[1][2] From the Levant, Hadad was introduced to Mesopotamia by the Amorites, where he became known as the Akkadian (Assyrian-Babylonian) god Adad.[3][4][5][6] Adad and Iškur are usually written with the logogram 𒀭𒅎 dIM[7]—the same symbol used for the Hurrian god Teshub.[8] Hadad was also called Pidar, Rapiu, Baal-Zephon,[9] or often simply Baʿal (Lord), but this title was also used for other gods. The bull was the symbolic animal of Hadad. He appeared bearded,[10][11] often holding a club and thunderbolt while wearing a bull-horned headdress.[12][13] Hadad was equated with the Greek god Zeus, the Roman god Jupiter (and in the cult-center near Doliche in Asia Minor he was addressed as Jupiter Dolichenus), as well as the Babylonian mythology Bel.[citation needed]

The Baal Cycle, also known as the Epic of Baal, is a collection of stories about the god Baal from the Canaanite area who is also referred to as Hadad, the storm-god. This collection of stories is dated between 1400 and 1200 B.C. and was found in Ugarit, an ancient city located in modern-day Syria.

  1. ^ Sarah Iles Johnston (2004). Religions of the Ancient World: A Guide. Harvard University Press. p. 173. ISBN 9780674015173.
  2. ^ Spencer L. Allen (5 March 2015). The Splintered Divine: A Study of Istar, Baal, and Yahweh Divine Names and Divine Multiplicity in the Ancient Near East. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 10. ISBN 9781614512363.
  3. ^ Albert T. Clay (1 May 2007). The Origin of Biblical Traditions: Hebrew Legends in Babylonia and Israel. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 50. ISBN 9781597527187.
  4. ^ Theophilus G. Pinches (1908). The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria. Library of Alexandria. p. 15. ISBN 9781465546708.
  5. ^ Joseph Eddy Fontenrose (1959). Python: A Study of Delphic Myth and Its Origins. University of California Press. p. 157. ISBN 9780520040915.
  6. ^ Green (2003), p. 166.
  7. ^ ORACC – Iškur/Adad (god)
  8. ^ Green (2003), p. 130.
  9. ^ Gibson, John C. (1 April 1978). Canaanite Myths and Legends. T&T Clark. p. 208. ISBN 978-0567080899.
  10. ^ Sacred bull, holy cow: a cultural study of civilization's most important animal. By Donald K. Sharpes –Page 27
  11. ^ Studies in Biblical and Semitic Symbolism - Page 63. By Maurice H. Farbridge
  12. ^ Academic Dictionary Of Mythology - Page 126. By Ramesh Chopra
  13. ^ The New Encyclopædia Britannica: Micropædia. By Encyclopædia Britannica, inc – Page 605

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