![]() People wearing hanbok | |
Material | Diverse |
---|---|
Place of origin | Korea |
Introduced | At least since Goguryeo period |
Hanbok | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
North Korean name | |||||||
Chosŏn'gŭl | 조선옷 | ||||||
Hancha | 朝鮮옷 | ||||||
| |||||||
South Korean name | |||||||
Hangul | 한복 | ||||||
Hanja | 韓服 | ||||||
|
The hanbok (Korean: 한복; Hanja: 韓服; lit. Korean dress) is traditional clothing of the Korean people. The term hanbok is primarily used by South Koreans; North Koreans refer to the clothes as chosŏn-ot (조선옷, lit. 'Korean clothes'). The clothes are also worn in the Korean diaspora, especially by Koreans in China.[1][2][3] Koryo-saram - ethnic Koreans living in the lands of the former Soviet Union - also retained a hanbok tradition.[4]
Koreans have worn hanbok since antiquity. The earliest visual depictions of hanbok can be traced back to the Three Kingdoms of Korea period (57 BC to 668 AD) with roots in the Proto-Koreanic people of what is now northern Korea and Manchuria. The clothes are also depicted on tomb murals from the Goguryeo period (4th to 6th century AD), with the basic structure of the hanbok established since at latest this period.[5] The ancient hanbok consisted of a jeogori (top), baji (trousers), chima (skirt), and the po (coat). The basic structure of hanbok developed to facilitate ease of movement; it integrated many motifs of Mu-ism.[6]
For thousands of years, the hanbok most people wore was pure white with no ornamentation. More ornate hanbok was typically reserved for special occasions such as weddings. The color white was seen as pure.[7][8][9][10] In some periods, commoners (seomin) were even forbidden from wearing colorful hanbok regularly.[11]: 104 [12][13] However, on the other hand, during the Joseon Dynasty (1392-1897) and the Japanese occupation of Korea (1910-1945), there was also an attempt to ban white clothes and to encourage non-bleached dyed clothes, which ultimately failed.[14][15][16][17]
Modern hanbok are typically patterned after the hanbok worn in the Joseon dynasty,[6] especially those worn by the nobility and royalty.[18]: 104 [19] There is some regional variation in hanbok design between South Korea, North Korea, and Koreans in China as a result of the relative isolation from each other that these groups experienced in the late-20th century.[20]: 246 [21] Despite this, the designs have somewhat converged again since the 1990s,[22] especially due to increased cultural and economic exchange after the Chinese economic reform[23][20]: 246 of 1978 onwards. Nowadays, contemporary Koreans wear hanbok for formal or semi-formal occasions and for events such as weddings, festivals, celebrations, and ceremonies. In 1996, the South Korean Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism established Hanbok Day to encourage South Korean citizens to wear the hanbok.[24]
[...] Koryǒ Saram [...] did their best to maintain Korean traditions - for example, observing major Korean holidays, wearing hanbok (traditional Korean clothing) on culturally important days, playing customary Korean games, and making traditional rice cakes with traditional Korean tools that they had crafted in diaspora.
The basic structure of the Hanbok dress was designed to facilitate ease of movement, incorporating many shamanistic motifs.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: others (link)
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: date and year (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: others (link)
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: others (link)
:24
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).:25
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).© MMXXIII Rich X Search. We shall prevail. All rights reserved. Rich X Search