Hawiye بنوهوية | |
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Somali clan | |
![]() Medieval Portuguese map of the Horn of Africa. The Hawiye (Aiaua) held an important polity where the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea converged. | |
Ethnicity | ![]() |
Nisba | Al-Hawiyah الحاوية |
Location | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Descended from | Sheikh Ahmed (Hawiye) |
Parent tribe | Samaale |
Branches | Bah Arbera:
|
Language | ![]() ![]() |
Religion | Sunni Islam |
The Hawiye (Somali: Hawiye; Arabic: بنو هوية) are one of the principal and largest of the Somali clans,[1] tracing their lineage back to Sheikh Ahmed Bin Abdulrahman Bin Uthman, also known as Sheikh Hawiye, the eponymous figure of the clan.[2][3][4] They are considered the earliest documented clan to have settled in the Somali peninsula, as noted in the 12th century by Al-Idrisi, occupying the regions spanning from Ras Hafun to Merca, which served as their capital.[5] Presently, the Hawiye reside in central and southern Somalia, Somaliland,[6] Djibouti,[7] the Somali region of Ethiopia, Harar,[8] Oromia, and Afar regions,[9] as well as Kenya (specifically the North Eastern Province and Eastern Province). Furthermore, they represent the majority of the population in the capital city of Mogadishu.[10]
The Hawiye have historically exercised authority over large sections of the Horn of Africa as Sovereign Sultans and Imams overseeing crucial trade routes that have existed since the early periods of Somali maritime history.[11][12] The coastal regions experienced a vibrant expansion of foreign trade and commerce, with numerous ships traversing between multiple kingdoms and empires in East Asia, South Asia, Europe, the Middle East, North Africa, and East Africa making them very affluent.[13] This political and economic influence continued to have relevance well into the modern age, with the Hawiye clan playing a pivotal and historically significant role in laying the foundations of the Somali nation. The enduring legacy of the Hawiye's governance and control over trade routes has left a lasting impact on the development and shaping of Somalia.
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