Hawkins-class cruiser

Raleigh in Vancouver, Canada, December 1921
Class overview
Name	Hawkins class
Operators	Royal Navy
Preceded by	None
Succeeded by	County class
Built	1916–1925
In commission	1919–1947
Completed	5
Lost	2
Scrapped	3
General characteristics
Type	Heavy cruiser
Displacement	9,800–9,860 long tons (9,960–10,020 t) (standard) 12,110–12,300 long tons (12,300–12,500 t) (deep load)
Length	605 ft (184.4 m)(o/a)
Beam	65 ft (19.8 m)
Draught	19 ft 3 in (5.9 m) (deep load)
Installed power	10–12 Yarrow boilers 60,000–70,000 shp (45,000–52,000 kW)
Propulsion	4 shafts; 4 × geared steam turbine sets
Speed	30–31 knots (56–57 km/h; 35–36 mph)
Range	5,640 nmi (10,450 km; 6,490 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph)
Complement	709
Armament	Hawkins and Raleigh: 7 × single 7.5 in (191 mm) guns 6 × single 3 in (76 mm) low-angle guns 4 × single 3 in AA guns 2 × single 2 pdr (1.6 in (40 mm)) AA guns 6 × 21 in (533 mm) torpedo tubes Effingham and Frobisher: 7 × single 7.5 in guns 3 × 4 in (102 mm) AA guns 2 × single 2 pdr AA guns 6 × 21 in torpedo tubes
Armour	Belt: 1.5–3 in (3.8–7.6 cm) Deck: 1–1.5 in (2.5–3.8 cm) Gun shields: 1 in (2.5 cm)
General characteristics (Vindictive)
Type	Aircraft carrier
Displacement	9,996 long tons (10,156 t) (standard)
Installed power	12 Yarrow boilers; 60,000 shp
Speed	30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph)
Armament	4 × single 7.5 in guns 4 × single 3 in low-angle guns 4 × single 3 in AA guns 2 × single 2 pdr AA guns 6 × 21 in torpedo tubes
Aircraft carried	6–12 aircraft

The Hawkins class consisted of five heavy cruisers built for the Royal Navy during the First World War, although none of them saw service during the war. The first ship to be completed, HMS Vindictive, was renamed from HMS Cavendish and converted into an aircraft carrier while under construction. All ships were named after Elizabethan sea captains. The three ships remaining as cruisers in 1939 served in the Second World War, with Effingham being an early war loss through wreck; Raleigh had been lost in a similar shipwreck on uncharted rocks in 1922 (and Vindictive was nearly lost to grounding in 1919). Vindictive, though no longer a cruiser, also served throughout the War. This class formed the basis for the definition of the maximum cruiser type under the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922.