Korean consonants
IPA
|
Hangul
|
Example
|
English approximation
|
Hangul
|
RR
|
b[1] |
ㅂ |
이불 |
ibul |
ball
|
β[2][3] |
ㅎ (ㅸ) |
오후 |
ohu |
roughly like away
|
ç[4] |
ㅎ |
힘, 흉내 |
him, hyungnae |
human
|
ɕ[5] |
ㅅ |
시루 |
siru |
roughly like she
|
ɕ͈[5] |
ㅆ ㅅ |
씨, 국수 |
ssi, guksu |
roughly like sure, tensed
|
d[1] |
ㄷ |
민들레 |
mindeulle |
doll
|
dz[6] |
ㅈ |
나중 |
najung |
beds
|
dʑ[1] |
ㅈ [ㄷ이] |
아버지, 해돋이 |
abeoji, haedoji |
roughly like jeans
|
ɸ[3] |
ㅎ [호] [후] |
활, 훗날 |
hwal, hunnal |
roughly like phew
|
ɡ[1] |
ㄱ |
마개 |
magae |
gall
|
ɣ[2][7] |
ㄱ |
아가 |
aga |
again, but without the tongue touching the roof of the mouth
|
h |
ㅎ |
햇잎 |
haennip |
hall
|
ɦ[2] |
ㅎ |
마흔 |
maheun |
RP behind
|
j |
[ㅛ, ㅠ,ㅑ,ㅕ, ㅖ, ㅒ][8] |
여울 |
yeoul |
you
|
ʝ[2][4] |
ㅎ |
감히 |
gamhi |
roughly like you
|
k |
ㄱ |
구이 |
gui |
sky
|
k̚ |
ㄱ ㅋ[9] |
바지락 |
bajirak |
lock
|
k͈ |
ㄲ |
꿩, 젓갈 |
kkwong, jeotgal |
skin, tensed
|
kʰ |
ㅋ [ㄱㅎ] [ㅎㄱ] |
코, 석회, 않기 |
ko, seokhoe, angi |
cup
|
ɭ |
ㄹ [ㄴ][10] |
알, 신라 |
al, Silla |
hall
|
m |
ㅁ [ㅂ][11] |
못, 압력 |
mot, amnyeok |
mall
|
n |
ㄴ [ㄹ, ㄷ, ㅅ, ㅈ][12] |
누리 |
nuri |
not
|
ŋ |
ㅇ(ㆁ) [ㄱ][13] |
가랑비, 먹물 |
garangbi, meongmul |
king
|
p |
ㅂ |
바다 |
bada |
spa
|
p̚ |
ㅂ ㅍ [14] |
부삽, 잎 |
busap, ip |
clip
|
p͈ |
ㅃ ㅂ |
뿔, 먹보 |
ppul, meokbo |
spit, tensed
|
pʰ |
ㅍ [ㅂㅎ] [ㅎㅂ] |
푸서리, 잡학 |
puseori, japhak |
paint
|
ɾ |
ㄹ [ㄹㅇ] |
여드레, 얼음 |
yeodeure, eoreum |
Scottish great or American atom
|
sʰ |
ㅅ |
수박 |
subak |
like see, but aspirated (with more breath)
|
s͈ |
ㅆ |
쌀, 열쇠 |
ssal, yeolsoe |
saw, tensed
|
t |
ㄷ |
돌 |
dol |
star
|
t̚ |
ㄷ, ㅌ, ㅅ, ㅈ, ㅊ[15] |
곧, 뭍, 옷, 젖, 낯 |
got, mut, ot, jeot, nat |
let
|
t͈ |
ㄸ ㄷ |
떡, 막대 |
tteok, makdae |
stall, tensed
|
tʰ |
ㅌ [ㄷㅎ] [ㅎㄷ] |
구태여, 맞흥정, 닳다 |
gutaeyeo, matheungjeong, dalda |
tall
|
ts[6] |
ㅈ |
측정 |
cheukjeong |
cats
|
ts͈[6] |
ㅉ |
짤림 |
jjallim |
cats, tensed
|
tsʰ[6] |
ㅊ [ㅈㅎ] [ㅎㅈ] |
참새 |
chamsae |
let's have
|
tɕ |
ㅈ |
자투리 |
jaturi |
roughly like patch
|
tɕ͈ |
ㅉ |
돌쩌귀, 꺽지 |
doljjeogwi, kkeokji |
roughly like patch, tensed
|
tɕʰ |
ㅊ [ㄷ히] [ㅎㅈ] |
눈초리, 맞히다, 닳지 |
nunchori, machida, dalji |
roughly like cheek
|
w |
[ㅙ, ㅞ][16] |
왜가리, 꿰맴질 |
waegari, kkwemaemjil |
wall
|
x[7] |
ㅎ |
흙 |
heuk |
Scottish loch
|
z[17] |
ㅿ |
ᅀᅵᆫ간 |
zingan |
zebra
|
ʔ |
ㆆ |
ᅙᅵᆯ |
qil |
uh-oh
|
|
Korean vowels and diphthongs[18]
IPA
|
Hangul
|
Example
|
English approximation
|
Hangul
|
RR[19]
|
a |
ㅏ |
하루 |
haru |
GA lost
|
aː |
밤 |
bam |
spa
|
ɒ[17] |
ㆍ |
ᄌᆞ주 |
jawju |
yawn
|
ʌ |
ㅓ |
거울 |
geoul |
Conservative up
|
əː |
어른 |
eoreun |
RP herd
|
ɛ |
ㅐ |
개구리 |
gaeguri |
bet
|
ɛː |
냇물 |
naenmul |
GA bed
|
e |
ㅔ |
메주 |
meju |
rate
|
eː |
게장 |
gejang |
raid
|
i |
ㅢ[20] |
흰색 |
huinsaek |
peak
|
ㅣ |
피 |
pi
|
iː |
실타래 |
siltarae |
bead
|
o |
ㅗ |
오늘 |
oneul |
sort
|
oː |
모레 |
more |
sword
|
ø |
ㅚ[16] |
쇠뇌 |
soenoe |
wait
|
øː |
왼손 |
oenson |
weighed
|
u |
ㅜ |
우물 |
umul |
root
|
uː |
둘 |
dul |
rude
|
ɯ |
ㅡ |
버들 |
beodeul |
like goose for some speakers
|
ɯː |
그림 |
geurim |
like cool for some speakers
|
ɰi |
ㅢ[20] |
민주주의 |
minjujuui |
like we but unrounded (with relaxed lips)
|
y |
ㅟ[16] |
귀엣말 |
gwienmal |
somewhat like sweet
|
yː |
쉰 |
swin |
somewhat like swede
|
|