Himalia (moon)

Himalia
	Low-resolution image of Himalia from Cassini, December 2000
Discovery
Discovered by	Charles D. Perrine
Discovery site	Lick Observatory
Discovery date	3 December 1904
Designations
Designation	Jupiter VI
Pronunciation	/hɪˈmeɪliə/ or /hɪˈmɑːliə/
Named after	Ἱμαλία Himalia
Adjectives	Himalian
Orbital characteristics
	Epoch 27 April 2019 (JD 2458600.5)
Observation arc	114.25 yr (41,728 days)
Semi-major axis	0.0761287 AU (11,388,690 km)
Eccentricity	0.1537860
Orbital period (sidereal)	+248.29 d
Mean anomaly	94.30785°
Mean motion	1° 26m 59.616s / day
Inclination	29.90917° (to the ecliptic)
Longitude of ascending node	44.99935°
Argument of perihelion	21.60643°
Satellite of	Jupiter
Group	Himalia group
Physical characteristics
Dimensions	205.6 × 141.3 km (occultation, projected); 150±20 × 120±20 km (Cassini estimate)
Mean diameter	139.6±1.7 km
Mass	(4.2±0.6)×1018 kg
Mean density	1.63 g/cm3 (assuming radius 85 km)
Surface gravity	~ 0.062 m/s2 (0.006 g)
Escape velocity	~ 0.100 km/s
Synodic rotation period	7.7819±0.0005 h
Albedo	0.057±0.008
Spectral type	C
Apparent magnitude	14.6
Absolute magnitude (H)	7.9

Himalia (/hɪˈmeɪliə, hɪˈmɑːliə/), also known as Jupiter VI, is the largest irregular satellite of Jupiter. With a diameter of at least 140 km (90 mi),^[5] it is the sixth largest Jovian satellite, after the four Galilean moons and Amalthea. It was discovered by Charles Dillon Perrine at the Lick Observatory on 3 December 1904 and is named after the nymph Himalia, who bore three sons of Zeus (the Greek equivalent of Jupiter).^[1] It is one of the largest planetary moons in the Solar System not imaged in detail, and the third largest not imaged in detail within the orbit of Neptune.^[b]

^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference Discovery was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Daintith & Gould (2006) The Facts on File Dictionary of Astronomy, p. 216
^ Yenne (1987) The Atlas of the Solar System.
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference MPC115889 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference occultation was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Porco2003 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b ^c Cite error: The named reference Grav2015 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference Emelyanov2005 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Pilcher2012 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference jplssd was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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[Discovery-1] Cite error: The named reference Discovery was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[2] Daintith & Gould (2006) The Facts on File Dictionary of Astronomy, p. 216

[3] Yenne (1987) The Atlas of the Solar System.

[MPC115889-4] Cite error: The named reference MPC115889 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[occultation-5] Cite error: The named reference occultation was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Porco2003-6] Cite error: The named reference Porco2003 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Grav2015-7] Cite error: The named reference Grav2015 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Emelyanov2005-8] Cite error: The named reference Emelyanov2005 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Pilcher2012-10] Cite error: The named reference Pilcher2012 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[jplssd-11] Cite error: The named reference jplssd was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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Discovery^[1]
Low-resolution image of Himalia from Cassini, December 2000
Discovered by	Charles D. Perrine
Discovery site	Lick Observatory
Discovery date	3 December 1904
Designations
Designation	Jupiter VI
Pronunciation	/hɪˈmeɪliə/ or /hɪˈmɑːliə/^[2]
Named after	Ἱμαλία Himalia
Adjectives	Himalian^[3]
Orbital characteristics^[4]
Epoch 27 April 2019 (JD 2458600.5)
Observation arc	114.25 yr (41,728 days)
Semi-major axis	0.0761287 AU (11,388,690 km)
Eccentricity	0.1537860
Orbital period (sidereal)	+248.29 d
Mean anomaly	94.30785°
Mean motion	1° 26^m 59.616^s / day
Inclination	29.90917° (to the ecliptic)
Longitude of ascending node	44.99935°
Argument of perihelion	21.60643°
Satellite of	Jupiter
Group	Himalia group
Physical characteristics
Dimensions	205.6 × 141.3 km (occultation, projected)^[5] 150±20 × 120±20 km (Cassini estimate)^[6]
Mean diameter	139.6±1.7 km^[7]
Mass	(4.2±0.6)×10¹⁸ kg^[8]
Mean density	1.63 g/cm³ (assuming radius 85 km)^[8]^[a]
Surface gravity	~ 0.062 m/s² (0.006 g)
Escape velocity	~ 0.100 km/s
Synodic rotation period	7.7819±0.0005 h^[9]
Albedo	0.057±0.008^[7]
Spectral type	C^[7]
Apparent magnitude	14.6^[10]
Absolute magnitude (H)	7.9^[4]