Human capital

Human capital or human assets is a concept used by economists to designate personal attributes considered useful in the production process. It encompasses employee knowledge, skills, know-how, good health, and education.^[1]^[2] Human capital has a substantial impact on individual earnings.^[3] Research indicates that human capital investments have high economic returns throughout childhood and young adulthood.^[3]^[4]

Companies can invest in human capital; for example, through education and training, improving levels of quality and production.^[5]

^ Goldin, Claudia (2024). "Human Capital" (PDF). In Diebolt, Claude; Haupert, Michael (eds.). Handbook of Cliometrics. Springer, Cham. pp. 353–383. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-35583-7_23. ISBN 978-3-031-35583-7.
^ Silva, Julie A. (2017). "Human Capital". International Encyclopedia of Geography. pp. 1–6. doi:10.1002/9781118786352.wbieg0135. ISBN 9781118786352.
^ ^a ^b Deming, David J. (2022). "Four Facts about Human Capital". Journal of Economic Perspectives. 36 (3): 75–102. doi:10.1257/jep.36.3.75. ISSN 0895-3309.
^ Hiel, Alain Van; Assche, Jasper Van; Cremer, David De; Onraet, Emma; Bostyn, Dries; Haesevoets, Tessa; Roets, Arne (2018). "Can education change the world? Education amplifies differences in liberalization values and innovation between developed and developing countries". PLOS ONE. 13 (6): e0199560. Bibcode:2018PLoSO..1399560V. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0199560. PMC 6013109. PMID 29928058.
^ Kenton, Will. "Human Capital". Investopedia. Retrieved 2019-03-28.

[1] Goldin, Claudia (2024). "Human Capital" (PDF). In Diebolt, Claude; Haupert, Michael (eds.). Handbook of Cliometrics. Springer, Cham. pp. 353–383. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-35583-7_23. ISBN 978-3-031-35583-7.

[2] Silva, Julie A. (2017). "Human Capital". International Encyclopedia of Geography. pp. 1–6. doi:10.1002/9781118786352.wbieg0135. ISBN 9781118786352.

[:1-3] Deming, David J. (2022). "Four Facts about Human Capital". Journal of Economic Perspectives. 36 (3): 75–102. doi:10.1257/jep.36.3.75. ISSN 0895-3309.

[4] Hiel, Alain Van; Assche, Jasper Van; Cremer, David De; Onraet, Emma; Bostyn, Dries; Haesevoets, Tessa; Roets, Arne (2018). "Can education change the world? Education amplifies differences in liberalization values and innovation between developed and developing countries". PLOS ONE. 13 (6): e0199560. Bibcode:2018PLoSO..1399560V. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0199560. PMC 6013109. PMID 29928058.

[5] Kenton, Will. "Human Capital". Investopedia. Retrieved 2019-03-28.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]