Hun Sen | |
---|---|
ហ៊ុន សែន | |
![]() Hun Sen in 2019 | |
4th President of the Senate | |
Assumed office 3 April 2024 | |
Monarch | Norodom Sihamoni |
Vice President | Prak Sokhonn Ouch Borith |
Preceded by | Say Chhum |
Prime Minister of Cambodia[a] | |
In office 30 November 1998 – 22 August 2023 | |
Monarchs | |
Deputy | See list
|
Preceded by | Ung Huot (as First Prime Minister) |
Succeeded by | Hun Manet |
In office 26 December 1984 – 2 July 1993 Acting: 26 December 1984 – 14 January 1985 | |
President | |
Deputy | |
Preceded by | Chan Sy (as Prime Minister of the People's Republic of Kampuchea) |
Succeeded by | Norodom Ranariddh (as First Prime Minister of Cambodia) |
Second Prime Minister of Cambodia | |
In office 2 July 1993 – 30 November 1998 | |
Monarch | Norodom Sihanouk |
Deputy | Sar Kheng |
First Prime Minister |
|
Preceded by | Office restored |
Succeeded by | Himself (as Prime Minister) |
President of the Cambodian People's Party | |
Assumed office 20 June 2015 | |
Vice President | |
Preceded by | Chea Sim |
Chairman of the Supreme Advisory Council of the King of Cambodia | |
Assumed office 22 August 2023 | |
Monarch | Norodom Sihamoni |
Minister of Foreign Affairs | |
In office 1988–1990 | |
Prime Minister | Himself |
Preceded by | Kong Korm |
Succeeded by | Hor Namhong |
In office 8 January 1979 – December 1986 | |
Prime Minister | |
Preceded by | Ieng Sary |
Succeeded by | Kong Korm |
Deputy Prime Minister of the People's Republic of Kampuchea | |
In office 1981–1985 | |
President | Heng Samrin |
Prime Minister |
|
Member of the National Assembly | |
In office 14 June 1993 – 2 April 2024 | |
Constituency | Kampong Cham (1993–1998) Kandal (1998–2024) |
Personal details | |
Born | Hun Bunal 5 August 1952 Peam Kaoh Sna, Stung Trang, Kampong Cham, Cambodia, French Indochina |
Political party | Cambodian People's Party |
Spouse | |
Children | 6, including Manet, Manith and Many |
Parent(s) | Hun Neang Dee Yon |
Alma mater | National Academy of Public Administration (Vietnam) |
Awards | Grand Order of National Merit |
Signature | ![]() |
Website | Official website |
Military service | |
Allegiance | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Branch/service | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Years of service | 1970–1999 |
Rank | ![]() |
Commands |
|
Battles/wars | Cambodian Civil War (WIA) Cambodian-Vietnamese War |
Samdech Akka Moha Sena Padei Techo Hun Sen PC (Khmer: សម្តេច អគ្គមហាសេនាបតី តេជោ ហ៊ុន សែន [sɑmɗac ʔakkeaʔ mɔhaː senaː paɗəj tecoː hun saen]; meaning "Lord Prime Minister and Supreme Military Commander Hun Sen";[3] born 5 August 1952) is a Cambodian politician, and retired army officer who currently serves as the president of the Senate. He previously served as the Prime Minister of Cambodia from 1985 to 1993 and from 1998 to 2023.[4] Hun Sen is the longest-serving head of government in Cambodia's history.[5][6] He is the president of the Cambodian People's Party (CPP), which has governed Cambodia since 1979, and has served as a member of the Senate since 2024.
Born Hun Bunal,[b] he changed his name to Hun Sen in 1972, two years after joining the Khmer Rouge as a soldier. He fought for the Khmer Rouge in the Cambodian Civil War and was a battalion commander in Democratic Kampuchea until defecting in 1977 and fighting alongside Vietnamese forces in the Cambodian–Vietnamese War. From 1979 to 1986 and again from 1987 to 1990, he served as Cambodia's foreign minister in the Vietnamese occupied government.[7] At age 26, he was also the world's youngest foreign minister.[8]
Hun Sen rose to the premiership in January 1985 when the one-party National Assembly appointed him to succeed Chan Sy, who had died in office in December 1984. He held the position until the 1993 UN-backed elections which resulted in a hung parliament, with opposition party FUNCINPEC winning the majority of votes. Hun Sen refused to accept the result.[9] After negotiations with FUNCINPEC, Norodom Ranariddh and Hun Sen agreed to simultaneously serve as First and Second Prime Minister, until the coalition broke down and Sen orchestrated a coup d'état in 1997 which toppled Ranariddh. Between 1998 and 2023, Hun Sen led the CPP to consecutive and often contentious election victories, overseeing rapid economic growth and development, but also corruption, deforestation and human rights violations.[10][11][12][13] In 2013, Hun Sen and the CPP were reelected with a significantly reduced majority amidst a resurgent opposition. Allegations of voter fraud and irregularities led to unprecedented anti-government protests. In 2018, he was elected to a sixth and final term in a largely unopposed poll after the Supreme Court dissolved the main opposition party, with the CPP winning every seat in the National Assembly.[14] He led the country during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and Cambodia's third chairmanship of ASEAN; and, after the 2023 election formally announced his resignation as prime minister in favour of his son, Hun Manet.[15] He remains as party leader and in 2024, was appointed president of the Senate, ensuring his continued influence over the country's politics.[16]
Hun Sen has been prominent in communist, Marxist–Leninist, and now state capitalist and national conservative political parties, and although Khmer nationalism has been a consistent trait of all of them, he is thought to lack a core political ideology.[17][18] He has been described as a "wily operator who destroys his political opponents" by The Sydney Morning Herald[19] and as a dictator who has assumed highly centralized power in Cambodia and considerable personal wealth using violence and corruption,[20][21][22][23] including a personal guard said to rival the country's regular army.[24]
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