Back كنيس الخراب Arabic كنيس هورفا ARZ Sinagoga Hurva Catalan Synagoga Churva Czech Churva-Synagoge German Sinagoga Hurva Spanish کنیسای خوربا Persian Synagogue Hourva French בית הכנסת החורבה HE Sinagoge Hurva ID
| Hurva Synagogue | |
|---|---|
Hebrew: בית הכנסת החורבה | |
 The synagogue, in 2010 | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Orthodox Judaism |
| Rite | Nusach Ashkenaz |
| Ecclesiastical or organisational status | Synagogue |
| Status | Active |
| Location | |
| Location | 89 ha-Yehudim Street, Jewish Quarter, Old City of Jerusalem |
| Country | Israel[a] |
| Geographic coordinates | 31°46′30″N 35°13′53″E / 31.77510°N 35.23135°E |
| Architecture | |
| Architect(s) |
|
| Type | Synagogue architecture |
| Style | Neo-Byzantine |
| Date established | c. 800–600 BCE (earliest congregation) |
| Completed |
|
| Construction cost | |
| Specifications | |
| Capacity |
|
| Height (max) | 24 m (79 ft) |
| [1][2][3] | |
The Hurva Synagogue (Hebrew: בית הכנסת החורבה, romanized: Beit ha-Knesset ha-Hurva, lit. 'The Ruin Synagogue'), also known as Hurvat Rabbi Yehudah he-Hasid (Hebrew: חורבת רבי יהודה החסיד, lit. 'Ruin of Rabbi Judah the Pious'), is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located in the Jewish Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem.
It was originally founded in the early 18th century by followers of Judah HeHasid on the ruins of a 15th century synagogue and adjacent to the 14th century Sidna Omar mosque, but it was destroyed in 1721 by local lenders over a debt dispute.[4] The plot became known as "The Ruin", or Hurva, where it lay desolate for 116 years until it was resettled in 1837 by members of the Ashkenazi Jewish community, known as the Perushim.[5] In 1856, the Ottoman Sultan Abdelmecid issued a firman authorizing the construction of a synagogue at the site, and the sultan's chief architect, Assad Bey, designed it and oversaw its construction.[6] Construction began in 1864, and although officially named the Beis Yaakov Synagogue, it retained its name as the Hurva. It became Jerusalem's main Ashkenazi synagogue, until it was destroyed on May 27, during the fighting of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.[7] Israel claims Arabs deliberately destroyed it,[8] while Jordanian and Palestinian sources state the Jordanian army was forced to shell the synagogue after the Zionist forces used its high rooftops for military purposes.[6]
After Israel captured East Jerusalem from Jordan in 1967, a number of plans were submitted for the design of a new building. After years of deliberation and indecision, a commemorative arch was erected instead at the site in 1977, itself becoming a prominent landmark of the Jewish Quarter.[2] The plan to rebuild the synagogue in its 19th-century style received approval by the Israeli Government in 2000, and the newly rebuilt synagogue was dedicated on March 15, 2010.[9]
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
- ^ "Old Hurva Synagogue". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on October 25, 2012. Retrieved March 11, 2010.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
Lefkovits2008was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Gilbert1985p97was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Pinto, Diana (2013). Israel Has Moved. Cumberland: Harvard University Press. p. 64. ISBN 978-0-674-07563-4.
- ^ Brinker (1947), p. 91
- ^ a b Ricca, Simone (2007). Reinventing Jerusalem. pp. 104–105.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Horovitz2000p171-174was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ In the Holy Land, a Rebuilding for the Generations, The Wall Street Journal Online, March 10, 2010
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Hasson2009was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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