Hussain Muhammad Ershad | |
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হুসেইন মুহাম্মদ এরশাদ | |
![]() Ershad in 1986 | |
9th President of Bangladesh | |
In office 11 December 1983 – 6 December 1990 | |
Prime Minister | Ataur Rahman Khan Mizanur Rahman Chowdhury Moudud Ahmed Kazi Zafar Ahmed |
Vice President | A. K. M. Nurul Islam Moudud Ahmed |
Preceded by | A. F. M. Ahsanuddin Chowdhury |
Succeeded by | Shahabuddin Ahmed (acting) |
6th Leader of the Opposition | |
In office 3 January 2019 – 14 July 2019 | |
Prime Minister | Sheikh Hasina |
Preceded by | Rowshan Ershad |
Succeeded by | Rowshan Ershad |
4th Chief of Army Staff | |
In office 1 December 1978[1] – 30 August 1986 | |
President | Ziaur Rahman Abdus Sattar A. F. M. Ahsanuddin Chowdhury Himself |
Prime Minister | Mashiur Rahman (Acting) Shah Azizur Rahman Ataur Rahman Khan Mizanur Rahman Chowdhury |
Preceded by | Ziaur Rahman |
Succeeded by | Atiqur Rahman |
Special Envoy of Prime Minister of Bangladesh | |
In office 25 January 2014 – 9 December 2018 | |
Prime Minister | Sheikh Hasina |
Preceded by | Office established |
Succeeded by | Saber Hossain Chowdhury |
Personal details | |
Born | Dinhata, Cooch Behar State, British India | 1 February 1930
Died | 14 July 2019 Dhaka, Bangladesh | (aged 89)
Political party | Jatiya Party (E) |
Spouses | |
Children |
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Relatives |
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Alma mater | University of Dhaka Officers Training School, Kohat, Pakistan Command and Staff College, Quetta, Pakistan |
Profession | Military officer, politician |
Awards | UN Population Award UN Environment Award Global Officials of Dignity Award |
Military service | |
Allegiance | ![]() ![]() |
Branch/service | ![]() ![]() |
Years of service | 1952–1986 |
Rank | ![]() ![]() |
Unit | East Bengal Regiment |
Commands |
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Battles/wars | Chittagong Hill Tracts Conflict |
Hussain Muhammad Ershad (Bengali: হুসেইন মুহাম্মদ এরশাদ, IPA: [huˈsei̯n muˈɦɐmːod̪ erʃad̪]; 1 February 1930 – 14 July 2019) was a Bangladeshi military officer and politician who served as the leader of Bangladesh from 1982 to 1990, ruling as an unelected military strongman from 1982 to 1983 and as president of Bangladesh from 1983 to 1990.[2] His government was a military dictatorship.[3][4][5][6]
He seized power as head of the army during a bloodless coup against President Abdus Sattar on 24 March 1982 (by imposing martial law and suspending the Constitution). He declared himself President in 1983,[7] and subsequently won the controversial[8] 1986 Bangladeshi presidential election. Despite claims to have legitimately won the 1986 election, many consider his regime as an era of military dictatorship.[3][4][5] Ershad served in the Presidential office until 1990, when he was forced to resign following a popular pro-democracy mass uprising led by Khaleda Zia and Sheikh Hasina. Ershad founded the Jatiya Party in 1986 and became a Member of Parliament for that party in the constituency of Rangpur-3 in 1991, with successful re-election in all subsequent general elections. He was the longest serving male head of government in Bangladeshi history.
During his tenure Ershad pursued devolution reforms, privatization of nationalised industries; the expansion of the national highway system; and the founding of South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation; he committed his nation's forces as an ally to the United States in the Gulf War. He contributed to developments in infrastructure and socio-economic growth, divesting key nationalised industries. In 1989, Ershad pushed parliament to make Islam the state religion, in a sharp departure from Bangladesh's original secular constitution.[9]
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