Hyaenodon

Hyaenodon; Temporal range: Middle Eocene to Early Miocene
	Mounted H. sp. skeleton, Science Museum of Minnesota
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	†Hyaenodonta
Superfamily:	†Hyaenodontoidea
Family:	†Hyaenodontidae
Subfamily:	†Hyaenodontinae
Tribe:	†Hyaenodontini; Leidy, 1869
Genus:	†Hyaenodon; Laizer & Parieu, 1838
Type species
	†Hyaenodon leptorhynchus; Laizer and Parieu, 1838
Species
	[see classification]
Synonyms
	synonyms of genus: Macropterodon (Lavrov, 1999) ; Megalopterodon (Dashzeveg, 1964) ; Microhyaenodon (Lavrov, 1999) ; Neohyaenodon (Thorpe, 1922) ; Protohyaenodon (Stock, 1933) ; Pseudopterodon (Schlosser, 1887) ; Taxotherium (Blainville, 1841) ; synonyms of species: H. brachyrhynchus: Canis brachyrhynchus (Blainville, 1841) ; Hyaenodon cuvieri (Pictet, 1853) ; Hyaenodon leptorhynchus (Dujardin, 1840) ; Hyaenodon parisiensis (Laurillard, 1845) ; Hyaenodon vulpinus (Gervais, 1873) ; Nasua parisiensis (Blainville, 1841) ; Pterodon brachyrhynchus (Pomel, 1846) ; Pterodon cuvieri (Pomel, 1846) ; Taxotherium parisiense (Blainville, 1841) ; ; H. brevirostrus: Hyaenodon brevirostris (Joeckel, 1997) ; Protohyaenodon brevirostrus (Mellett, 1977) ; ; H. chunkhtensis: Microhyaenodon chunkhtensis (Lavrov, 1999) ; ; H. crucians: Hyaenodon leptocephalus (Scott, 1888) ; Hyaenodon minutus (Douglass, 1902) ; Hyaenodon paucidens (Osborn & Wortman, 1894) ; Protohyaenodon crucians (Mellett, 1977) ; Prtohyaenodon crucians (Lavrov, 1999) ; Pseudopterodon minutus (Douglass, 1902) ; ; H. dubius: Hyaenodon aymardi (Filhol, 1882) ; ; H. exiguus: Hyaenodon exigus (Lavrov, 1999) ; Pterodon exiguum (Gervais, 1873) ; ; H. filholi: Hyaenodon compressus (Filhol, 1876) ; Hyaenodon vulpinus (Filhol, 1876) ; Microhyaenodon filholi (Lavrov, 1999) ; Pseudopterodon ganodus (Schlosser, 1887) ; ; H. gervaisi: Hyaenodon ambiguus (Martin, 1906) ; ; H. gigas: Macropterodon zelenovi (Lavrov, 1999) ; Neohyaenodon gigas (Lavrov, 1999) ; ; H. heberti: Hyaenodon arnaudi (Depéret, 1917) ; ; H. horridus: Hyaenodon cruentus (Leidy, 1853) ; Neohyaenodon horridus (Thorpe, 1922) ; Neohyaenodon semseyi (Kretzoi, 1941) ; ; H. incertus: Neohyaenodon incertus (Lavrov, 1999) ; Pterodon exploratus (Dashzeveg, 1985) ; ; H. leptorhynchus: Canis leptorhynchus (Blainville, 1841) ; Hyaenodon bavaricus (Dehm, 1935) ; Hyaenodon cayluxi (Filhol, 1876) ; Hyaenodon martini (Depéret, 1917) ; Hyaenodon milloquensis (Martin, 1906) ; Pterodon leptorhynchus (Pomel, 1846) ; ; H. macrocephalus: Neohyaenodon macrocephalus (Lavrov, 1999) ; ; H. megaloides: Neohyaenodon megaloides (Mellett, 1977) ; ; H. microdon: Microhyaenodon microdon (Lavrov, 1999) ; Protohyaenodon microdon (Mellett, 1977) ; ; H. milvinus: Neohyaenodon milvinus (Lavrov, 1999) ; ; H. minor: Hyaenodon aimi (Cooper, 1926) ; ; H. mongoliensis: Epipterodon mongoliensis (Lavrov, 1999) ; Megalopterodon mongoliensis (Dashzeveg, 1964) ; Neohyaenodon mongoliensis (Morlo & Nagel, 2006) ; Pterodon mongoliensis (Van Valen, 1967) ; ; H. montanus: Protohyaenodon montanus ; Neohyaenodon montanus (Mellett, 1977) ; ; H. mustelinus: Protohyaenodon mustelinus (Scott, 1894) ; ; H. pervagus: Hyaenodon neimongoliensis (Huang & Zhu, 2002) ; ; H. pumilus: Microhyaenodon pumilus (Lavrov, 1999) ; ; H. raineyi: Microhyaenodon raineyi (Lavrov, 1999) ; Protohyaenodon raineyi (Gustafson, 1986) ; ; H. requieni: Hyaenodon heberti euzetensis (Depéret, 1917) ; Pterodon requieni (Gervais, 1846) ; ; H. venturae: Hyaenodon exiguus (Stock, 1933) ; Microhyaenodon venturae (Lavrov, 1999) ; Protohyaenodon exiguus (Stock, 1933) ; Protohyaenodon venturae (Mellett, 1977) ; ; H. vetus: Neohyaenodon vetus (Mellett, 1977) ; Pterodon californicus (Stock, 1933) ; ; H. yuanchuensis: Hyaenodon yuanchüensis (Young, 1937) ; ;

Hyaenodon ("hyena-tooth") is an extinct genus of carnivorous placental mammals from extinct tribe Hyaenodontini within extinct subfamily Hyaenodontinae (in extinct family Hyaenodontidae),^[19] that lived in Eurasia and North America from the middle Eocene, throughout the Oligocene, to the early Miocene.

^ Leidy J. (1869). "On the extinct Mammalia of Dakota and Nebraska: including an account of some allied forms from other localities, together with a synopsis of the mammalian remains of North America." Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia 7: 1–472.
^ J. Alroy (2002). "Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals."
^ ^a ^b A. V. Lavrov (1999). "Adaptive Radiation of Hyaenodontinae (Creodonta, Hyaenodontidae) of Asia." in 6th Congress of the Theriological Society, Moscow, April 13–16, p. 138 [in Russian].
^ F. J. Pictet (1853). "Traité de Paléontologie." I (2^e edit.):584 p. + atlas 110 pl.
^ F. Dujardin (1840). "Note sur une tête fossile Hyaenodon trouvée au bord du Tarn, près de Rabastens." Comptes-Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences de Paris, 10:134-135
^ Ch. Laurillard (1845). "Hyaenodon." in: d'Orbigny: "Dictionnaire Universel d'Histoire naturelle 1-6": 767-769, Renard, Martinet édit., Paris
^ A. Pomel (1846). "Note sur le Pterodon, genre voisin des Dasyures dont plusieurs espèces ont été trouvées dans les terrains tertiaires." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, 4(2):385-393
^ R. M. Joeckel, H. W. Bond and G. W. Kabalka (1997). "Internal Anatomy of the Snout and Paranasal Sinuses of Hyaenodon (Mammalia, Creodonta)" Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 440-446
^ W. B. Scott (1888). "On some new and little know creodonts." Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 9:155-185
^ H. F. Osborn and J. L. Wortman (1894). "Fossil mammals of the Lower Miocene White River beds. Collection of 1892." Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 6(7):199-228
^ H. Filhol (1882). "Étude des Mammifères de Ronzon (Haute-Loire)." Ann. Sci. géol., Paris, 12(3):270 p., 25 pl.
^ Depéret C. (1917). "Monographie de la faune de mammiféres fossiles du Ludien inférieur d'Euget-les-Bains (Gard)." Ann. Univ. Lyon (N. S.), Div. 1, 40, 1-288.
^ Kretzoi, M. (1941). "Ausländische Säugetierfossilien der Ungarischen Museen. (1-4)" Földtani Közlöny, vol. 71, nos. 4-6, pp. 1-6
^ R. Dehm (1935). "Über tertiäre Spaltenfüllungen im Fränkischen und Schwäbischen Jura [On Tertiary fissure fillings in the Franconian and Swabian Jura."] Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung, Neue Folge 29:1-86
^ Forster Cooper, C. (1926). "Hyænodon aimi, sp. n., and a note on the occurrence of Anthracotherium minus from the Headon Beds at Hordle." Annals and Magazine of Natural History (9)18(106):370–373
^ Michael Morlo, Doris Nagel (2006). "New remains of Hyaenodontidae (Creodonta, Mammalia) from the Oligocene of Central Mongolia." Annales de Paléontologie 92(3):305-321
^ L. Van Valen (1967). "New Paleocene insectivores and insectivore classification." Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 135(5):217-284
^ Xueshi Huang, Ba Zhu (2002). "Creodont (Mammalia) remains from the Early Oligocene of Ulantatal, Nei Mongol." Vertebrata PalAsiatica 40(1):17-22
^ Malcolm C. McKenna, Susan K. Bell (1997). "Classification of Mammals: Above the Species Level", Columbia University Press, New York, 631 pages. Hyaenodon

[1] Leidy J. (1869). "On the extinct Mammalia of Dakota and Nebraska: including an account of some allied forms from other localities, together with a synopsis of the mammalian remains of North America." Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia 7: 1–472.

[2] J. Alroy (2002). "Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals."

[Lavrov1999-3] A. V. Lavrov (1999). "Adaptive Radiation of Hyaenodontinae (Creodonta, Hyaenodontidae) of Asia." in 6th Congress of the Theriological Society, Moscow, April 13–16, p. 138 [in Russian].

[4] F. J. Pictet (1853). "Traité de Paléontologie." I (2^e edit.):584 p. + atlas 110 pl.

[5] F. Dujardin (1840). "Note sur une tête fossile Hyaenodon trouvée au bord du Tarn, près de Rabastens." Comptes-Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences de Paris, 10:134-135

[6] Ch. Laurillard (1845). "Hyaenodon." in: d'Orbigny: "Dictionnaire Universel d'Histoire naturelle 1-6": 767-769, Renard, Martinet édit., Paris

[7] A. Pomel (1846). "Note sur le Pterodon, genre voisin des Dasyures dont plusieurs espèces ont été trouvées dans les terrains tertiaires." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, 4(2):385-393

[8] R. M. Joeckel, H. W. Bond and G. W. Kabalka (1997). "Internal Anatomy of the Snout and Paranasal Sinuses of Hyaenodon (Mammalia, Creodonta)" Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 440-446

[9] W. B. Scott (1888). "On some new and little know creodonts." Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 9:155-185

[10] H. F. Osborn and J. L. Wortman (1894). "Fossil mammals of the Lower Miocene White River beds. Collection of 1892." Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 6(7):199-228

[11] H. Filhol (1882). "Étude des Mammifères de Ronzon (Haute-Loire)." Ann. Sci. géol., Paris, 12(3):270 p., 25 pl.

[12] Depéret C. (1917). "Monographie de la faune de mammiféres fossiles du Ludien inférieur d'Euget-les-Bains (Gard)." Ann. Univ. Lyon (N. S.), Div. 1, 40, 1-288.

[13] Kretzoi, M. (1941). "Ausländische Säugetierfossilien der Ungarischen Museen. (1-4)" Földtani Közlöny, vol. 71, nos. 4-6, pp. 1-6

[14] R. Dehm (1935). "Über tertiäre Spaltenfüllungen im Fränkischen und Schwäbischen Jura [On Tertiary fissure fillings in the Franconian and Swabian Jura."] Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung, Neue Folge 29:1-86

[15] Forster Cooper, C. (1926). "Hyænodon aimi, sp. n., and a note on the occurrence of Anthracotherium minus from the Headon Beds at Hordle." Annals and Magazine of Natural History (9)18(106):370–373

[16] Michael Morlo, Doris Nagel (2006). "New remains of Hyaenodontidae (Creodonta, Mammalia) from the Oligocene of Central Mongolia." Annales de Paléontologie 92(3):305-321

[17] L. Van Valen (1967). "New Paleocene insectivores and insectivore classification." Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 135(5):217-284

[18] Xueshi Huang, Ba Zhu (2002). "Creodont (Mammalia) remains from the Early Oligocene of Ulantatal, Nei Mongol." Vertebrata PalAsiatica 40(1):17-22

[McKenna_&_Bell-19] Malcolm C. McKenna, Susan K. Bell (1997). "Classification of Mammals: Above the Species Level", Columbia University Press, New York, 631 pages. Hyaenodon

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

Hyaenodon Temporal range: Middle Eocene to Early Miocene

Mounted H. sp. skeleton, Science Museum of Minnesota
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	†Hyaenodonta
Superfamily:	†Hyaenodontoidea
Family:	†Hyaenodontidae
Subfamily:	†Hyaenodontinae
Tribe:	†Hyaenodontini Leidy, 1869^[1]
Genus:	†Hyaenodon Laizer & Parieu, 1838
Type species
†Hyaenodon leptorhynchus Laizer and Parieu, 1838
Species
[see classification]
Synonyms^[2]
synonyms of genus: Macropterodon (Lavrov, 1999)^[3] Megalopterodon (Dashzeveg, 1964) Microhyaenodon (Lavrov, 1999)^[3] Neohyaenodon (Thorpe, 1922) Protohyaenodon (Stock, 1933) Pseudopterodon (Schlosser, 1887) Taxotherium (Blainville, 1841) synonyms of species: H. brachyrhynchus: Canis brachyrhynchus (Blainville, 1841) Hyaenodon cuvieri (Pictet, 1853)^[4] Hyaenodon leptorhynchus (Dujardin, 1840)^[5] Hyaenodon parisiensis (Laurillard, 1845)^[6] Hyaenodon vulpinus (Gervais, 1873) Nasua parisiensis (Blainville, 1841) Pterodon brachyrhynchus (Pomel, 1846)^[7] Pterodon cuvieri (Pomel, 1846) Taxotherium parisiense (Blainville, 1841) H. brevirostrus: Hyaenodon brevirostris (Joeckel, 1997)^[8] Protohyaenodon brevirostrus (Mellett, 1977) H. chunkhtensis: Microhyaenodon chunkhtensis (Lavrov, 1999) H. crucians: Hyaenodon leptocephalus (Scott, 1888)^[9] Hyaenodon minutus (Douglass, 1902) Hyaenodon paucidens (Osborn & Wortman, 1894)^[10] Protohyaenodon crucians (Mellett, 1977) Prtohyaenodon crucians (Lavrov, 1999) Pseudopterodon minutus (Douglass, 1902) H. dubius: Hyaenodon aymardi (Filhol, 1882)^[11] H. exiguus: Hyaenodon exigus (Lavrov, 1999) Pterodon exiguum (Gervais, 1873) H. filholi: Hyaenodon compressus (Filhol, 1876) Hyaenodon vulpinus (Filhol, 1876) Microhyaenodon filholi (Lavrov, 1999) Pseudopterodon ganodus (Schlosser, 1887) H. gervaisi: Hyaenodon ambiguus (Martin, 1906) H. gigas: Macropterodon zelenovi (Lavrov, 1999) Neohyaenodon gigas (Lavrov, 1999) H. heberti: Hyaenodon arnaudi (Depéret, 1917)^[12] H. horridus: Hyaenodon cruentus (Leidy, 1853) Neohyaenodon horridus (Thorpe, 1922) Neohyaenodon semseyi (Kretzoi, 1941)^[13] H. incertus: Neohyaenodon incertus (Lavrov, 1999) Pterodon exploratus (Dashzeveg, 1985) H. leptorhynchus: Canis leptorhynchus (Blainville, 1841) Hyaenodon bavaricus (Dehm, 1935)^[14] Hyaenodon cayluxi (Filhol, 1876) Hyaenodon martini (Depéret, 1917) Hyaenodon milloquensis (Martin, 1906) Pterodon leptorhynchus (Pomel, 1846) H. macrocephalus: Neohyaenodon macrocephalus (Lavrov, 1999) H. megaloides: Neohyaenodon megaloides (Mellett, 1977) H. microdon: Microhyaenodon microdon (Lavrov, 1999) Protohyaenodon microdon (Mellett, 1977) H. milvinus: Neohyaenodon milvinus (Lavrov, 1999) H. minor: Hyaenodon aimi (Cooper, 1926)^[15] H. mongoliensis: Epipterodon mongoliensis (Lavrov, 1999) Megalopterodon mongoliensis (Dashzeveg, 1964) Neohyaenodon mongoliensis (Morlo & Nagel, 2006)^[16] Pterodon mongoliensis (Van Valen, 1967)^[17] H. montanus: Protohyaenodon montanus Neohyaenodon montanus (Mellett, 1977) H. mustelinus: Protohyaenodon mustelinus (Scott, 1894) H. pervagus: Hyaenodon neimongoliensis (Huang & Zhu, 2002)^[18] H. pumilus: Microhyaenodon pumilus (Lavrov, 1999) H. raineyi: Microhyaenodon raineyi (Lavrov, 1999) Protohyaenodon raineyi (Gustafson, 1986) H. requieni: Hyaenodon heberti euzetensis (Depéret, 1917) Pterodon requieni (Gervais, 1846) H. venturae: Hyaenodon exiguus (Stock, 1933) Microhyaenodon venturae (Lavrov, 1999) Protohyaenodon exiguus (Stock, 1933) Protohyaenodon venturae (Mellett, 1977) H. vetus: Neohyaenodon vetus (Mellett, 1977) Pterodon californicus (Stock, 1933) H. yuanchuensis: Hyaenodon yuanchüensis (Young, 1937)