Hyaenodonta

Hyaenodonta; Temporal range: early Paleocene to late Miocene; (Suspected Late Cretaceous origin, but unconfirmed by fossils yet)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Mirorder:	Ferae
Clade:	Pan-Carnivora
Order:	†Hyaenodonta; Van Valen, 1967
Subgroups
	[see classification]
Synonyms
	Hyaenodontida (Solé, 2010); Hyaenodontidae (Leidy, 1869); Proviverroidea (Morlo, 2009);

Hyaenodonta ("hyena teeth") is an extinct order of hypercarnivorous placental mammals of clade Pan-Carnivora from mirorder Ferae.^[6]^[7] Hyaenodonts were important mammalian predators that arose during the early Paleocene in Europe^[8] and persisted well into the late Miocene.^[9]

^ Borths, Matthew R.; Holroyd, Patricia A.; Seiffert, Erik R. (2016). "Hyainailourine and teratodontine cranial material from the late Eocene of Egypt and the application of parsimony and Bayesian methods to the phylogeny and biogeography of Hyaenodonta (Placentalia, Mammalia)". PeerJ. 4: e2639. doi:10.7717/peerj.2639. PMC 5111901. PMID 27867761.
^ Borths, Matthew R.; Stevens, Nancy J. (2017). "The first hyaenodont from the late Oligocene Nsungwe Formation of Tanzania: Paleoecological insights into the Paleogene-Neogene carnivore transition". PLOS ONE. 12 (10): e0185301. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1285301B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0185301. PMC 5636082. PMID 29020030.
^ Van Valen, L. (1967). "New Paleocene insectivores and insectivore classification." Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 135(5):217-284
^ Solé F. (2010) "Les premiers placentaires carnassiers européens (Oxyaenodonta, Hyaenodontida et Carnivora): origine, évolution, paléoécologie et paléobiogéographie; apport des faunes de l'Eocène inférieur du Bassin de Paris." Paris: Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle. 703 p.
^ Morlo, M., Gunnell, G. F. and Polly, P. D. (2009). "What, if not nothing, is a creodont? Phylogeny and classification of Hyaenodontida and other former creodonts." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology Program and Abstracts, 2009:152A.
^ Solé, F.; Lhuillier, J.; Adaci, M.; Bensalah, M.; Mahboubi, M.; Tabuce, R. (2013-07-16). "The hyaenodontidans from the Gour Lazib area (?Early Eocene, Algeria): implications concerning the systematics and the origin of the Hyainailourinae and Teratodontinae". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 12 (3): 303–322. doi:10.1080/14772019.2013.795196. S2CID 84475034.
^ Solé, F.; Amson, E.; Borths, M.; Vidalenc, D.; Morlo, M.; Bastl, K. (2015-09-23). "A New Large Hyainailourine from the Bartonian of Europe and Its Bearings on the Evolution and Ecology of Massive Hyaenodonts (Mammalia)". PLOS ONE. 10 (9): e0135698. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1035698S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0135698. PMC 4580617. PMID 26398622.
^ Borths, Matthew R.; Stevens, Nancy J. (2019). "Simbakubwa kutokaafrika, gen. et sp. nov. (Hyainailourinae, Hyaenodonta, 'Creodonta,' Mammalia), a gigantic carnivore from the earliest Miocene of Kenya". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 39 (1): e1570222. Bibcode:2019JVPal..39E0222B. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1570222. S2CID 145972918.
^ Barry, J. C. (1988). "Dissopsalis, a middle and late Miocene proviverrine creodont (Mammalia) from Pakistan and Kenya". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 48 (1): 25–45. doi:10.1080/02724634.1988.10011682.

[Brychotherium-1] Borths, Matthew R.; Holroyd, Patricia A.; Seiffert, Erik R. (2016). "Hyainailourine and teratodontine cranial material from the late Eocene of Egypt and the application of parsimony and Bayesian methods to the phylogeny and biogeography of Hyaenodonta (Placentalia, Mammalia)". PeerJ. 4: e2639. doi:10.7717/peerj.2639. PMC 5111901. PMID 27867761.

[2] Borths, Matthew R.; Stevens, Nancy J. (2017). "The first hyaenodont from the late Oligocene Nsungwe Formation of Tanzania: Paleoecological insights into the Paleogene-Neogene carnivore transition". PLOS ONE. 12 (10): e0185301. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1285301B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0185301. PMC 5636082. PMID 29020030.

[3] Van Valen, L. (1967). "New Paleocene insectivores and insectivore classification." Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 135(5):217-284

[4] Solé F. (2010) "Les premiers placentaires carnassiers européens (Oxyaenodonta, Hyaenodontida et Carnivora): origine, évolution, paléoécologie et paléobiogéographie; apport des faunes de l'Eocène inférieur du Bassin de Paris." Paris: Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle. 703 p.

[5] Morlo, M., Gunnell, G. F. and Polly, P. D. (2009). "What, if not nothing, is a creodont? Phylogeny and classification of Hyaenodontida and other former creodonts." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology Program and Abstracts, 2009:152A.

[Solé2013-6] Solé, F.; Lhuillier, J.; Adaci, M.; Bensalah, M.; Mahboubi, M.; Tabuce, R. (2013-07-16). "The hyaenodontidans from the Gour Lazib area (?Early Eocene, Algeria): implications concerning the systematics and the origin of the Hyainailourinae and Teratodontinae". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 12 (3): 303–322. doi:10.1080/14772019.2013.795196. S2CID 84475034.

[Solé,_F._2015-7] Solé, F.; Amson, E.; Borths, M.; Vidalenc, D.; Morlo, M.; Bastl, K. (2015-09-23). "A New Large Hyainailourine from the Bartonian of Europe and Its Bearings on the Evolution and Ecology of Massive Hyaenodonts (Mammalia)". PLOS ONE. 10 (9): e0135698. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1035698S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0135698. PMC 4580617. PMID 26398622.

[Simbakubwa-8] Borths, Matthew R.; Stevens, Nancy J. (2019). "Simbakubwa kutokaafrika, gen. et sp. nov. (Hyainailourinae, Hyaenodonta, 'Creodonta,' Mammalia), a gigantic carnivore from the earliest Miocene of Kenya". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 39 (1): e1570222. Bibcode:2019JVPal..39E0222B. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1570222. S2CID 145972918.

[Berry1988-9] Barry, J. C. (1988). "Dissopsalis, a middle and late Miocene proviverrine creodont (Mammalia) from Pakistan and Kenya". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 48 (1): 25–45. doi:10.1080/02724634.1988.10011682.

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