Clinical data | |
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Trade names | Hysingla ER, Zohydro ER |
Other names | Dihydrocodeinone, hydrocodone bitartrate |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a601006 |
License data |
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Dependence liability | High[1] |
Addiction liability | High |
Routes of administration | Clinical: by mouth[2] Others: intranasal, rectal |
Drug class | Opioid |
ATC code | |
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Pharmacokinetic data | |
Bioavailability | By mouth: 70%[4] |
Protein binding | Low[4][5] |
Metabolism | Liver: CYP3A4 (major), CYP2D6 (minor)[6] |
Metabolites | • Norhydrocodone[6] • Hydromorphone[6] • Others[6] |
Onset of action | 10–20 minutes[2] |
Elimination half-life | Average: 3.8 hours[7] Range: 3.3–4.4 hours[2] |
Duration of action | 4–8 hours[2] |
Excretion | Urine[8][9] |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.004.304 |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C18H21NO3 |
Molar mass | 299.370 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
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Hydrocodone, also known as dihydrocodeinone, is a semisynthetic opioid used to treat pain and as a cough suppressant.[10] It is taken by mouth.[10] Typically it is dispensed as the combination acetaminophen/hydrocodone or ibuprofen/hydrocodone for pain severe enough to require an opioid[11][12][13] and in combination with homatropine methylbromide to relieve cough.[10] It is also available by itself in a long-acting form under the brand name Zohydro ER, among others, to treat severe pain of a prolonged duration.[10][14] Hydrocodone is a controlled drug: in the United States a Schedule II Controlled Substance.
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