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Clinical data | |
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Trade names | Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos, others |
Other names | Hydroxyurea (USAN US) |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a682004 |
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Routes of administration | By mouth |
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Pharmacokinetic data | |
Metabolism | Liver (to CO2 and urea) |
Elimination half-life | 2–4 hours |
Excretion | Kidney and lungs |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.004.384 |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | CH4N2O2 |
Molar mass | 76.055 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
Melting point | 133 to 136 °C (271 to 277 °F) |
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Hydroxycarbamide, also known as hydroxyurea, is a medication used in sickle-cell disease, essential thrombocythemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, polycythemia vera, and cervical cancer.[4][5] In sickle-cell disease it increases fetal hemoglobin and decreases the number of attacks.[4] It is taken by mouth.[4]
Common side effects include bone marrow suppression, fevers, loss of appetite, psychiatric problems, shortness of breath, and headaches.[4][5] There is also concern that it increases the risk of later cancers.[4] Use during pregnancy is typically harmful to the fetus.[4] Hydroxycarbamide is in the antineoplastic family of medications. It is believed to work by blocking the making of DNA.[4]
Hydroxycarbamide was approved for medical use in the United States in 1967.[4] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[6] Hydroxycarbamide is available as a generic medication.[4]
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