Ihud

Ihud (also spelled “Ichud”, Hebrew: איחוד, 'Unity') was a small binationalist Zionist political party founded by Judah Leon Magnes, Martin Buber, Ernst Simon and Henrietta Szold, former supporters of Brit Shalom, in 1942 as a binational response to the Biltmore Conference, which made the establishment of a Jewish Commonwealth in Palestine the policy of the Zionist movement. Other prominent members were David Werner Senator, Moshe Smilansky, agronomist Haim Margaliot-Kalvarisky [he] (1868–1947), and Judge Joseph Moshe Valero.

Ihud advocated for an Arab-Jewish binational state rooted in equal political rights for Jews and Arabs in an undivided Palestine.^[1] Ihud termed this vision “political parity.”^[2] Furthermore, it argued that Jewish immigration should be regulated in accordance with the principle of “numerical parity” with the Arabs and the ability of Palestine to absorb immigrants economically.^[2] It proposed the creation of joint organs of government, and a division of the country into districts based on a communal basis.