Integration by substitution

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Calculus
${\displaystyle \int _{a}^{b}f'(t)\,dt=f(b)-f(a)}$
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In calculus, integration by substitution, also known as u-substitution, reverse chain rule or change of variables,^[1] is a method for evaluating integrals and antiderivatives. It is the counterpart to the chain rule for differentiation, and can loosely be thought of as using the chain rule "backwards." This involves differential forms.