Back إنتروبانغ Arabic Інтэрабанг BE-X-OLD Interrobang Catalan Interrobang Czech Interrobang German Kridemandosigno Esperanto Interrobang Spanish Interrobang Estonian نقطه پرسشی Persian Point exclarrogatif French
| ‽ ⸘ | |
|---|---|
Interrobang | |
| In Unicode | U+203D ‽ INTERROBANG U+2E18 ⸘ INVERTED INTERROBANG |
The interrobang (/ɪnˈtɛrəbæŋ/),[1] also known as the interabang[2] ‽ (sometimes rendered as ?!, !?, ?!?, ?!!, !??, or !?!), is an unconventional punctuation mark intended to combine the functions of the question mark (also known as the interrogative point)[3] and the exclamation mark (also known in the jargon of printers and programmers as a "bang").[4] The glyph is a ligature of these two marks[5] and was first proposed in 1962 by Martin K. Speckter.[6]
- ^ "Interrobang". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster.
- ^ "interabang". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (5th ed.). November 1, 2011. Archived from the original on November 14, 2012. Retrieved June 14, 2012.
- ^ Mandeville, Henry (1851). A Course of Reading for Common Schools and the Lower Classes of Academies. Archived from the original on September 15, 2021. Retrieved November 22, 2013.
- ^ "bang, n.¹ meanings, etymology and more | Oxford English Dictionary". www.oed.com. Archived from the original on May 21, 2024. Retrieved June 16, 2025.
- ^ Gleckler, Arthur. "The Jargon File". Archived from the original on April 26, 2012. Retrieved December 7, 2011.
- ^ "Martin K. Speckter, 73, Creator of Interrobang". The New York Times. February 16, 1988. Archived from the original on March 20, 2016. Retrieved February 9, 2017.
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