Intha-Danu | |
---|---|
Pronunciation | dənuʔ |
Native to | Burma |
Region | Inle Lake, Shan State |
Ethnicity | Intha, Danu |
Native speakers | ca. 200,000 (2000–2007)[1] |
Sino-Tibetan
| |
Dialects |
|
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | Either:dnv – Danuint – Intha |
Glottolog | inth1238 |
Intha and Danu are southern Burmish languages of Shan State, Burma, spoken respectively by the Intha and Danu people, the latter of whom are Bamar descendants who migrated to Inle Lake in Shan State. Considered to be dialects of Burmese by the Government of Myanmar, Danu has 93% lexical similarity with standard Burmese, while Intha has 95% lexical similarity with standard Burmese.[2] Intha and Danu differ from standard Burmese with respect to pronunciation of certain phonemes, and few hundred local vocabulary terms.[3] Language contact has led to increasing convergence with standard Burmese.[3] Both are spoken by about 100,000 people each.[1]
ရှမ်ပြည်နယ်shwehmoneaလေမောင်ပြုံးရာဇဝင်soeLln== Phonology == Both Danu and Intha are characterized by retention of the /-l-/ medial (for the following consonant clusters in Intha: /kl- kʰl- pl- pʰl- ml- hml-/). Examples include:*"full": Standard Burmese ပြည့် ([pjḛ]) → ပ္လည့် ([plḛ]), from old Burmese ပ္လည်
There is no voicing with the presence of either aspirated or unaspirated consonants. For instance, ဗုဒ္ဓ (Buddha) is pronounced [boʊʔda̰] in standard Burmese, but [poʊʔtʰa̰] in Intha. This is likely due to the influence of the Shan language.
Furthermore, သ (/θ/ in standard Burmese) has merged to /sʰ/ (ဆ) in Intha.
ရှမ်ပြည်နယ်shwehmoneaလေမောင်ပြုံးရာဇဝင်soeLln==Rhymes== Rhyme correspondences to standard Burmese follow these patterns:[4]
Written Burmese | Standard Burmese | Intha | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
-ျင် -င် | /-ɪɴ/ | /-ɛɴ/ | |
-ဉ် | /-ɪɴ/ | /-ɪɴ/ | |
ိမ် -ိန် ိုင် | /-eɪɴ -eɪɴ -aɪɴ/ | /-eɪɴ/ | |
-ျက် -က် | /-jɛʔ -ɛʔ/ | /-aʔ/ | |
-တ် -ပ် | /-aʔ/ | /-ɛʔ/ | |
-ည် | /-ɛ, -e, -i/ | /-e/ | /-i/ if initial is a palatal consonant |
ိတ် ိပ် ိုက် | /-eɪʔ -eɪʔ -aɪʔ/ | /-aɪʔ/ |
Open syllables | weak = ə full = i, e, ɛ, a, ɔ, o, u |
Closed | nasal = ɪɴ, eɪɴ, ɛɴ, aɴ, ɔɴ, oʊɴ, ʊɴ stop = ɪʔ, aɪʔ, ɛʔ, aʔ, ɔʔ, oʊʔ, ʊʔ |
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