Iron(III) chloride

Iron(III) chloride
Iron(III) chloride (anhydrous)	Iron(III) chloride (hydrate)
Names
	IUPAC names Iron(III) chloride; Iron trichloride
	Other names Ferric chloride; Molysite; Flores martis;
Identifiers
CAS Number	7705-08-0 ; 10025-77-1 (hexahydrate) ; 54862-84-9 (dihydrate) ; 64333-00-2 (3.5hydrate);
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:30808 ;
ChemSpider	22792 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.028.846
EC Number	231-729-4;
PubChem CID	24380;
RTECS number	LJ9100000;
UNII	U38V3ZVV3V ; 0I2XIN602U (hexahydrate) ; Y048945596 (dihydrate) ;
UN number	1773 (anhydrous); 2582 (aqueous solution);
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID8020622 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/3ClH.Fe/h31H;/q;;;+3/p-3 Key: RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K ; InChI=1S/3ClH.Fe/h31H;/q;;;+3/p-3 Key: RBTARNINKXHZNM-DFZHHIFOAF; Key: RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K;
	SMILES Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl;
Properties
Chemical formula	FeCl3
Molar mass	162.204 g/mol (anhydrous); 270.295 g/mol (hexahydrate);
Appearance	Green-black by reflected light; purple-red by transmitted light; yellow solid as hexahydrate; brown as aqueous solution
Odor	Slight HCl
Density	2.90 g/cm3 (anhydrous); 1.82 g/cm3 (hexahydrate);
Melting point	307.6 °C (585.7 °F; 580.8 K) (anhydrous); 37 °C (99 °F; 310 K) (hexahydrate)
Boiling point	316 °C (601 °F; 589 K) (anhydrous, decomposes); 280 °C (536 °F; 553 K) (hexahydrate, decomposes);
Solubility in water	912 g/L (anhydrous or hexahydrate, 25 °C)
Solubility in Acetone; Methanol; Ethanol; Diethyl ether;	; 630 g/L (18 °C); Highly soluble; 830 g/L; Highly soluble;
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	+13,450·10−6 cm3/mol
Viscosity	12 cP (40% solution)
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H290, H302, H314
Precautionary statements	P234, P260, P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P312, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P363, P390, P405, P406, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	2 0 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
REL (Recommended)	TWA 1 mg/m3
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 1499
Related compounds
Other anions	Iron(III) fluoride; Iron(III) bromide;
Other cations	Iron(II) chloride; Manganese(II) chloride; Cobalt(II) chloride; Ruthenium(III) chloride;
Related coagulants	Iron(II) sulfate; Polyaluminium chloride;
Structure
Crystal structure	Hexagonal, hR24
Space group	R3, No. 148
Lattice constant	a = 0.6065 nm, b = 0.6065 nm, c = 1.742 nm α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 120°
Formula units (Z)	6
Coordination geometry	Octahedral
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Iron(III) chloride describes the inorganic compounds with the formula Fe Cl₃(H₂O)_x. Also called ferric chloride, these compounds are some of the most important and commonplace compounds of iron. They are available both in anhydrous and in hydrated forms which are both hygroscopic. They feature iron in its +3 oxidation state. The anhydrous derivative is a Lewis acid, while all forms are mild oxidizing agents. It is used as a water cleaner and as an etchant for metals.

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Haynes WM, ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 4.69. ISBN 1-4398-5511-0.
^ Haynes WM, ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 4.133. ISBN 1-4398-5511-0.
^ NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0346". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
^ HSNO Chemical Classification Information Database, New Zealand Environmental Risk Management Authority, retrieved 19 Sep 2010
^ Various suppliers, collated by the Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University. (accessed 2010-09-19)
^ GHS classification – ID 831, Japanese GHS Inter-ministerial Committee, 2006, retrieved 19 Sep 2010
^ Hashimoto S, Forster K, Moss SC (1989). "Structure refinement of an FeCl₃ crystal using a thin plate sample". J. Appl. Crystallogr. 22 (2): 173–180. Bibcode:1989JApCr..22..173H. doi:10.1107/S0021889888013913.

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[crc-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Haynes WM, ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 4.69. ISBN 1-4398-5511-0.

[2] Haynes WM, ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 4.133. ISBN 1-4398-5511-0.

[3] NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0346". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

[4] HSNO Chemical Classification Information Database, New Zealand Environmental Risk Management Authority, retrieved 19 Sep 2010

[5] Various suppliers, collated by the Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University. (accessed 2010-09-19)

[6] GHS classification – ID 831, Japanese GHS Inter-ministerial Committee, 2006, retrieved 19 Sep 2010

[str-8] Hashimoto S, Forster K, Moss SC (1989). "Structure refinement of an FeCl₃ crystal using a thin plate sample". J. Appl. Crystallogr. 22 (2): 173–180. Bibcode:1989JApCr..22..173H. doi:10.1107/S0021889888013913.

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