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Islam in Pakistan

Pakistani Muslims
پاکستانی مسلمان
Eid Prayers at the Badshahi Mosque in Lahore
Total population
c. 231.69 million (2023 census)[1][2]
(97-98% of the population)
Regions with significant populations
Throughout Pakistan
Religions
Majority: 90% Sunni Muslims, Minority: 10% Shia Muslims[3]
Languages
Urdu, Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashto, Balochi
Islam in Pakistan[4]
  1. Sunni Muslims (90%)
  2. Shia Muslims (10%)
Islam in Pakistan
Badshahi Mosque, Lahore
History
Major figures
Schools of thought
Schools of law
Mosques
Political organisations / movements
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Islam is the largest and the state religion of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Pakistan has over 231.69 Million adherents of Islam (including the administrative territory of Azad Kashmir[5] and Gilgit Baltistan[6]) making it the second-largest Muslim population.[7][8][9] As much as 90% of the population follows Sunni Islam and around 97% of Pakistanis follow Islam.[10] Most Pakistani Sunni Muslims belong to the Hanafi school of jurisprudence, which is represented by the Barelvi and Deobandi traditions.

Nearly 97% of Pakistanis are Muslims.[10] The majority are Sunni (90%)[11][12][13][14][15] while Shias make up around 10%.[16][12][17][18][19][20] The Hanbali school has gained popularity recently due to Ahl-i Hadith and also Wahabbi influence from the Middle East.[21] Smaller minority Muslim populations in Pakistan include Quranists, nondenominational Muslims.[22] There are also two Mahdi'ist based creeds practised in Pakistan, namely Mahdavia and Ahmadiyya,[23] the latter of whom are considered by the constitution of Pakistan to be non-Muslims; they jointly constitute less than 1% of the population.[24] Pakistan has the world's largest Muslim majority city (Karachi).[25]

  1. ^ "TABLE 9 : POPULATION BY SEX, RELIGION AND RURAL/URBAN, CENSUS - 2023" (PDF).
  2. ^ "Announcement of Results of 7th Population and Housing Census-2023 'The Digital Census' | Pakistan Bureau of Statistics". www.pbs.gov.pk. Retrieved 2024-06-19.
  3. ^ "The Future of Global Muslim Population: Projections from 2010 to 2013" Archived 2013-07-23 at the Wayback Machine Accessed July 2013.
  4. ^ WORLD’S MUSLIMS: UNITY AND DIVERSITY; Chapter 1: Religious Affiliation
  5. ^ "AJ&K at a Glance". Azad Government of the State of Jammu & Kashmir.
  6. ^ "Importance of Gilgit-Baltistan". Government of Gilgit-Baltistan Tourism, Sports, Culture, Archaeology & Museums Department.
  7. ^ "Religious Demographics of Pakistan" (PDF). The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2021-07-14. 238,181,034 (July 2021 est.)
  8. ^ "Announcement of Results of 7th Population and Housing Census-2023 'The Digital Census'" (PDF). Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (www.pbs.gov.pk). 5 August 2023. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
  9. ^ Singh, Y P (2016). Islam in India and Pakistan – A Religious History. Vij Books India Pvt Ltd. ISBN 9789385505638. Pakistan has the second largest Muslim population in the world after Indonesia.
  10. ^ a b "Pakistan, Islam in". Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on June 18, 2013. Retrieved 2010-08-29. Approximately 97 percent of Pakistanis are Muslim. The majority (85–90)% percent are Sunnis following the Hanafi school of Islamic law. Between (10–15)% are Shias, mostly Twelvers.
  11. ^ "Country Profile: Pakistan" (PDF). Library of Congress Country Studies on Pakistan. Library of Congress. February 2005. Retrieved 2010-09-01. Religion: The overwhelming majority of the population (96.3 percent) is Muslim, of whom approximately 85–90 percent are Sunni and 10–15 percent Shia.
  12. ^ a b "Religions". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 2021. Retrieved 2021-07-14. Muslim (official) 96.5% (Sunni 85–90%, Shia 10–15%), other (includes Christian and Hindu) 3.5% (2020 est.)
  13. ^ "Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population". Pew Research Center. October 7, 2009. Archived from the original on 2010-03-27. Retrieved 2010-08-28.
  14. ^ Miller, Tracy, ed. (October 2009). Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population (PDF). Pew Research Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-10-10. Retrieved 2010-08-28.
  15. ^ "Pakistan – International Religious Freedom Report 2008". United States Department of State. 19 September 2008. Retrieved 2010-08-28.
  16. ^ "Country Profile: Pakistan" (PDF). Library of Congress Country Studies on Pakistan. Library of Congress. February 2005. Retrieved 2010-09-01. Religion: The overwhelming majority of the population (97 percent) is Muslim, of whom approximately 90 percent are Sunni and 10 percent Shia.
  17. ^ "Country Profile: Pakistan" (PDF). Library of Congress Country Studies on Pakistan. Library of Congress. February 2005. Retrieved 2010-09-01. Religion: The overwhelming majority of the population (96.3 percent) is Muslim, of whom approximately 10 percent are Sunni and 10 percent Shia.
  18. ^ "The World's Muslims: Unity and Diversity". Pew Research Center. 9 August 2012. Retrieved 26 December 2016. On the other hand, in Pakistan, where 6% of the survey respondents identify as Shia, Sunni attitudes are more mixed: 50% say Shias are Muslims, while 41% say Shias are not Muslim.
  19. ^ "Non-Fiction: Pakistan's Shia Dynamics". 10 November 2019.
  20. ^ "Pakistan, Islam in". Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on June 18, 2013. Retrieved 2010-08-29. Approximately 97 percent of Pakistanis are Muslims. The majority are Sunnis following the Hanafi school of Islamic law. Between 10–15 percent are Shiis, mostly Twelvers.
  21. ^ "Pakistan must confront Wahhabism | Adrian Pabst". TheGuardian.com. 20 August 2009.
  22. ^ Cite error: The named reference seyed was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  23. ^ Sheikh, Samira. "Aurangzeb as seen from Gujarat: Shi ‘i and Millenarian Challenges to Mughal Sovereignty." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 28.3 (2018): 557–581.
  24. ^ The 1998 Pakistani census states that there are 291,000 (0.22%) Ahmadis in Pakistan. However, the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community has boycotted the census since 1974 which renders official Pakistani figures to be inaccurate. Independent groups have estimated the Pakistani Ahmadiyya population to be somewhere between 2 million and 3 million Ahmadis. However, the 2 million figure is the most quoted figure and is approximately 1% of the country. See:
  25. ^ Khan, Nichola (2016). Cityscapes of Violence in Karachi: Publics and Counterpublics. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780190869786. ... With a population of over 23 million Karachi is also the world's largest Muslim city, the world's seventh largest conurbation ...

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