Ismail as-Sadr

Ismail as-Sadr (Arabic: اسماعيل الصدر) (born 1842 - died 1919–1920) was a Lebanese Grand Ayatollah, a title which is used in Iran and Iraq referring to a Twelver Shi'a scholar who is a fully qualified mujtahid who asserts authority over peers and followers by virtue of sufficient study and achievement of the level of necessary competency needed to obtain permission (ijāza) to practice ijtihad.^[1]