Israeli bombing of the Gaza Strip

Bombing of the Gaza Strip
Part of the Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip during the Gaza war and Gaza genocide
Rimal in Gaza City following an Israeli airstrike, 10 October 2023
LocationGaza Strip, Palestine
Coordinates31°27′00″N 34°24′00″E / 31.45000°N 34.40000°E / 31.45000; 34.40000
Date7 October 2023 – present
Attack type
Bombardment
DeathsAs of 5 December 2024: 23,362+ civilians[1]
Perpetrator Israel
ChargesWar crimes, genocide

The Israeli Air Force has been conducting an aerial bombardment campaign on the Gaza Strip during the Gaza war. During the bombing, Israeli airstrikes killed thousands of Palestinians (mostly civilians), and damaged or destroyed Palestinian schools, hospitals, mosques, churches, and other civilian infrastructure including refugee camps.[2][3]

By October 2024, Israel said it bombed 40,000 locations[4] in the Gaza Strip (which is 360 km2). By one estimate, as of April 2024 the bomb tonnage dropped on Gaza was more than 70,000 tonnes,[5] surpassing the combined bomb tonnage dropped on Dresden, Hamburg, and London in World War II.[6] Satellite imagery showed at least 69% of all buildings were damaged or destroyed,[7][8] which surpasses the scale of destruction in Cologne and Dresden and approaches that of Hamburg during World War II.[2][9] More than 48,000 Palestinians have been reported killed by the Gaza Health Ministry,[10] while a January 2025 analysis in The Lancet concluded that official figures significantly under-report mortality, estimating 64,260 deaths from traumatic injury up to 30 June 2024, and when extended to October 2024 likely exceeding 70,000. Of this total, the analysis estimated that 59.1% were women, children and the elderly.[11] Researchers have estimated a civilian death toll of at least 80%.[12][13]

Israel has faced accusations of war crimes and genocide due to the large number of civilian casualties and the large percentage of civilian infrastructure destroyed.[14][15] Israel ordered civilians evacuate, and threatened that civilians who didn't evacuate would be considered "an accomplice in a terrorist organisation".[16][17][a] Israel stated that its struck targets were used by Hamas, but an Airwars analysis did not find evidence of militant presence in most Israeli airstrikes during Oct 2023.[19] The United Nations reports that 86% of the Gaza Strip is under Israeli evacuation orders.[20] Satellite data analysis indicates that 80% of the buildings in northern Gaza have been damaged or destroyed.[21][7][b][c]

  1. ^ "Occupied Palestinian Territories: AOAV explosive violence data on harm to civilians". Action on Armed Violence. 5 December 2024. Archived from the original on 7 December 2024. Retrieved 15 December 2024. This figure refers to the number of reported civilians killed or injured by explosive weapon use in Gaza since 07 October 2023, gathered using incident-specific English language media reporting. See AOAV's methodology. Where a specific breakdown of civilians and combatants was not provided, casualties are reported as civilians with the caveat that combatants may be included in the toll.
  2. ^ a b Dyer, Evan. "Israel's Gaza bombing campaign is the most destructive of this century, analysts say". CBC News. Archived from the original on 2 February 2024. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  3. ^ French, Howard W. (29 January 2024). "Retribution in the Israel-Hamas War". Foreign Policy. Archived from the original on 13 March 2024. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference reuters-40000 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference euromed-70000 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ Pape, Robert A. (21 June 2024). "Hamas Is Winning". Foreign Affairs. ISSN 0015-7120. Archived from the original on 21 June 2024. Retrieved 21 June 2024.
  7. ^ a b de Hoog, Niels; Voce, Antonio; Morresi, Elena; Ganguly, Manisha; Kirk, Ashley (30 January 2024). "How war destroyed Gaza's neighbourhoods – visual investigation". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 17 February 2024. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  8. ^ "Photos: Gaza turned into rubble-strewn wasteland after Israeli bombardment". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 10 February 2025.
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference ft20231206 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ "Reported impact snapshot | Gaza Strip (18 February 2025)". United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs - occupied Palestinian territory. 18 February 2025. Retrieved 21 February 2025.
  11. ^ Jamaluddine, Zeina; Abukmail, Hanan; Aly, Sarah; Campbell, Oona M R; Checchi, Francesco (February 2025). "Traumatic injury mortality in the Gaza Strip from Oct 7, 2023, to June 30, 2024: a capture–recapture analysis". The Lancet. 405 (10477): 469–477. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02678-3. ISSN 0140-6736. Archived from the original on 25 January 2025.
  12. ^ Cite error: The named reference death-toll-the-nation was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  13. ^ Cite error: The named reference death-toll-aoav was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  14. ^ "New evidence of unlawful Israeli attacks in Gaza causing mass civilian casualties amid real risk of genocide". Amnesty International. 12 February 2024. Archived from the original on 20 February 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2024.
  15. ^ "Amnesty International concludes Israel is committing genocide against Palestinians in Gaza". Amnesty International. 5 December 2024. Retrieved 28 February 2025.
  16. ^ Nakai, Fabio (17 November 2023). "Israel/OPT: Challenging Myths About the Gaza-Israel Conflict". Amnesty International Australia.
  17. ^ "New Israeli warning to Gaza residents as aid trickles in". Reuters. 22 October 2023.
  18. ^ "Gaza 'safe zones' led to displacement, Israeli attacks on civilians: Report". Al Jazeera. 13 March 2024. Archived from the original on 16 March 2024. Retrieved 17 March 2024.
  19. ^ "Airwars Gaza Patterns of Harm". gaza-patterns-harm.airwars.org. "In the 25 days in Gaza, Airwars found that only a fraction of incidents involving the death of civilians included evidence of militant presence....Of the 606 published incidents of civilian harm from Gaza in October 2023, at least 26 include public evidence of the death of at least one militant from Hamas or another Palestinian militant group. This includes cases where militant status is ambiguous or contested.
  20. ^ "UN says 86 percent of Gaza now under Israeli evacuation orders". Al Jazeera. 29 July 2024. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
  21. ^ Cite error: The named reference Maslin-Shah-2023 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  22. ^ Khaled, Mai. "Visual analysis: Gaza's last refuge becomes Israel's next target". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 19 February 2024. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  23. ^ Abdulrahim, Raja; Rosales, Helmuth; Shbair, Bilal; Singhvi, Anjali; Solomon, Erika; Abuheweila, Iyad; Abu Bakr, Bashir; Harouda, Ameera; Khurana, Malika; Penney, Veronica; Reinhard, Scott (7 October 2024). "Gaza in Ruins After a Year of War". The New York Times. Retrieved 14 October 2024.


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