Italian spring offensive

Italian spring offensive
	Part of the Greco-Italian War
	; The Italian spring offensive (red arrows)
Date	9–16 March 1941; (1 week)
Location	Italian-controlled Albania, south-east of Berat40°20′32″N 20°06′19″E / 40.34222°N 20.10528°E
Result	Greek victory
Belligerents
Kingdom of Italy	Kingdom of Greece
Commanders and leaders
Carlo Geloso	Alexander Papagos
Strength
9 divisions	6 divisions
Casualties and losses
24,000+	1,243 killed; 42 missing; 4,016 wounded

The Italian spring offensive, also known as Operazione Primavera (Operation Spring), was an offensive of the Greco-Italian War that lasted from 9 to 16 March 1941. The offensive was the last Italian attempt of the war to defeat the Greek forces, which had already advanced deep into Italian-controlled Albania.^[3] The opening of the offensive was supervised by the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini but ended a week later in complete failure.^[4]^[5]^[6]

^ Brewer, David (28 February 2015). Greece, the Decade of War: Occupation, Resistance and Civil War. I.B.Tauris & Co. Ltd. p. 13. ISBN 9781780768540.
^ Κωνσταντίνος Πολυζώης κ.ά., Επίτομη Ιστορία του Ελληνοϊταλικού και Ελληνογερμανικού Πολέμου 1940–1941 (Αθήνα: Διεύθυνση Ιστορίας Στρατού - ΔΙΣ, 1985), σελ.142
^ Zapantis 1982, pp. 428–584.
^ Keegan & Mayer 1977, p. 600.
^ Electris & Lindsay 2008, p. 187.
^ Zapantis 1987, p. 54.

[1] Brewer, David (28 February 2015). Greece, the Decade of War: Occupation, Resistance and Civil War. I.B.Tauris & Co. Ltd. p. 13. ISBN 9781780768540.

[2] Κωνσταντίνος Πολυζώης κ.ά., Επίτομη Ιστορία του Ελληνοϊταλικού και Ελληνογερμανικού Πολέμου 1940–1941 (Αθήνα: Διεύθυνση Ιστορίας Στρατού - ΔΙΣ, 1985), σελ.142

[FOOTNOTEZapantis1982428–584-3] Zapantis 1982, pp. 428–584.

[FOOTNOTEKeeganMayer1977600-4] Keegan & Mayer 1977, p. 600.

[FOOTNOTEElectrisLindsay2008187-5] Electris & Lindsay 2008, p. 187.

[FOOTNOTEZapantis198754-6] Zapantis 1987, p. 54.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]