Ivar Giaever

Ivar Giaever
Giaever in 2010
Born	Ivar Giæver (1929-04-05) April 5, 1929 (age 96) Bergen, Vestland, Norway
Citizenship	Norway United States (since 1964)
Alma mater	Norwegian University of Science and Technology Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (PhD, 1964)
Known for	Discovering quantum tunnelling in superconductors (1960)
Spouse	Inger Skramstad ​ ​ (m. 1952; died 2023)​
Children	4
Awards	Oliver E. Buckley Prize (1965) Nobel Prize in Physics (1973)
Scientific career
Fields	Physics Condensed matter physics
Institutions	General Electric Research Laboratory (1958–1969)

Ivar Giæver (Norwegian: [ˈìːvɑr ˈjèːvər]; anglicized as Giaever; born April 5, 1929) is a Norwegian-American physicist who shared the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physics with Leo Esaki and Brian Josephson. One half of the prize was awarded jointly to Esaki and Giaever "for their experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena in semiconductors and superconductors, respectively".^[1]

In 1975, he was elected as a member into the National Academy of Engineering for contributions in the discovery and elaboration of electron tunneling into superconductors.

Giaever is a professor emeritus at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and the president of the company Applied Biophysics.^[2]