Jochi

Jochi
A statue of Jochi in modern-day Mongolia
Khan of the Ulus of Jochi
Predecessor	none
Successor	Orda Batu
Born	c. 1182
Died	c. 1225
Issue	Orda Khan Batu Khan Berke Khan others
Dynasty	Borjigin
Mother	Börte
Religion	Tengrism

Jochi (Mongolian:ᠵᠦᠴᠢ, also known as Jüchi or Tushi; c. 1182 – c. 1225)^[1] was a prince of the early Mongol Empire. His life was marked by controversy over the circumstances of his birth and culminated in his estrangement from his family. He was nevertheless a prominent military commander and the progenitor of the family who ruled over the khanate of the Golden Horde.

Jochi was the son of Börte, the first wife of the Mongol leader Temüjin. For many months before Jochi's birth, Börte had been a captive of the Merkit tribe, during which she was forcibly married and raped by one of their number. Although there was thus considerable doubt over Jochi's parentage, Temüjin considered him his son and treated him accordingly. Many Mongols, most prominently Börte's next son Chagatai, disagreed; these tensions eventually led to Jochi being excluded from succession to the Mongol throne.

After Temüjin founded the Mongol Empire in 1206 and took the name Genghis Khan, he entrusted Jochi with nine thousand warriors and a large territory in the west of the Mongol heartland; Jochi commanded and participated in numerous campaigns to secure and extend Mongol power in the region. He was also a prominent commander during the invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire (1219–1221), during which he subdued cities and tribes to the north. However, during the 1221 Siege of Gurganj, tensions arose between him, his brothers, and Genghis, which never healed. Jochi was still estranged from his family when he died of ill health c. 1225. His son Batu was appointed to rule his territories in his stead.