John III of Portugal

John III
Portrait of John attributed to Cristóvão Lopes, copy of a 1552 original by Anthonis Mor
King of Portugal
Reign	13 December 1521 – 11 June 1557
Acclamation	19 December 1521
Predecessor	Manuel I
Successor	Sebastian
Born	7 June 1502 Alcáçova Palace, Lisbon, Portugal
Died	11 June 1557(1557-06-11) (aged 55) Ribeira Palace, Lisbon, Portugal
Burial	Jerónimos Monastery
Spouse	Catherine of Austria ​ ​ (m. 1525)​
Issue more...	Afonso, Prince of Portugal Maria Manuela, Princess of Asturias Manuel, Prince of Portugal Philip, Prince of Portugal João Manuel, Prince of Portugal
House	Aviz
Father	Manuel I of Portugal
Mother	Maria of Aragon
Religion	Catholic Church
Signature

John III^[1] (Portuguese: João III Portuguese pronunciation: [ʒuˈɐ̃w]; 7 June 1502 – 11 June 1557), nicknamed The Pious (Portuguese: o Piedoso),^[2] was the King of Portugal and the Algarves from 1521 until his death in 1557. He was the son of King Manuel I and Maria of Aragon, the third daughter of King Ferdinand II of Aragon and Queen Isabella I of Castile. John succeeded his father in 1521 at the age of nineteen.

During his rule, Portuguese possessions were extended in Asia and in the New World through the Portuguese colonization of Brazil. John III's policy of reinforcing Portugal's bases in India (such as Goa) secured Portugal's monopoly over the spice trade of cloves and nutmeg from the Maluku Islands. On the eve of his death in 1557, the Portuguese empire had a global dimension and spanned almost 4 million square kilometres (1.5 million square miles).

During his reign, the Portuguese became the first Europeans to make contact with Japan (during the Muromachi period). He abandoned the Muslim territories in North Africa in favor of the trade with India and investments in Brazil. In Europe he improved relations with the Baltic region and the Rhineland, hoping that this would bolster Portuguese trade.