Back جون روبرتس Arabic جون روبرتس (محامى) ARZ Con Roberts Azerbaijani Джон Робъртс Bulgarian جۆن ڕۆبێرتس CKB John G. Roberts Czech John Roberts Danish John Roberts German Τζον Ρόμπερτς Greek John Roberts Spanish
John Roberts | |
|---|---|
 Official portrait, 2005 | |
| 17th Chief Justice of the United States | |
| Assumed office September 29, 2005 | |
| Appointed by | George W. Bush |
| Preceded by | William Rehnquist |
| Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit | |
| In office June 2, 2003 – September 29, 2005 | |
| Appointed by | George W. Bush |
| Preceded by | James L. Buckley |
| Succeeded by | Patricia Millett |
| Principal Deputy Solicitor General of the United States | |
| In office October 24, 1989 – January 1993 | |
| President | George H. W. Bush |
| Preceded by | Donald B. Ayer |
| Succeeded by | Paul Bender |
| Associate Counsel to the President | |
| In office November 28, 1982 – April 11, 1986 | |
| President | Ronald Reagan |
| Preceded by | J. Michael Luttig[1] |
| Succeeded by | Robert Kruger[2] |
| Personal details | |
| Born | John Glover Roberts Jr. January 27, 1955 Buffalo, New York, U.S. |
| Spouse |
Jane Sullivan (m. 1996) |
| Children | 2 |
| Education | Harvard University (BA, JD) |
| Awards | Henry J. Friendly Medal (2023) |
| Signature |  |
| This article is part of a series on |
| Conservatism in the United States |
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John Glover Roberts Jr. (born January 27, 1955) is an American jurist who has served as the 17th chief justice of the United States since 2005.[3] Once regarded as a swing vote,[4][5] Roberts has been described as having moderate conservative judicial philosophy[6][7] and has presided over an ideological shift toward right-wing jurisprudence on the high court.[8]
Born in Buffalo, New York, Roberts was raised Catholic in Northwest Indiana and had been educated at parochial schools. He studied at Harvard University with the initial intent to become a historian, graduating in three years with highest distinction, then attended Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the Harvard Law Review. Before holding positions in the Reagan and senior Bush administration, Roberts served as a law clerk for Judge Henry Friendly and Justice William Rehnquist. From 1989 to 1993, he was Principal Deputy Solicitor General, after which he built a successful appellate practice and argued 39 cases before the Supreme Court.[9]
In 1992, President George H. W. Bush nominated Roberts to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, but the Senate did not hold a vote on his confirmation.[10] In 2003, President George W. Bush appointed Roberts to the D.C. Circuit.[11] In 2005, Bush nominated Roberts to the Supreme Court, initially as an associate justice to fill the vacancy left by Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, but promoted him to chief justice after Rehnquist's death. Roberts was confirmed by a Senate vote of 78–22.
As chief justice, Roberts has authored majority opinions in many landmark cases, including National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius (upholding part of the Affordable Care Act while striking down another portion), Shelby County v. Holder (limiting the Voting Rights Act of 1965), Trump v. Hawaii (expanding presidential powers over immigration), Carpenter v. United States (expanding digital privacy), Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard (overruling race-based admission programs), and Trump v. United States (expanding presidential immunity from criminal prosecution). Roberts also presided over the first impeachment trial of President Donald Trump but refused to preside over the second impeachment trial since Trump was out of office.
- ^ "Roberts, John G.: Files, 1982-1986" (PDF). Ronald Reagan Presidential Library. February 12, 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 12, 2019. Retrieved July 9, 2019.
- ^ "Appointment of Robert M. Kruger as Associate Counsel to the President". The American Presidency Project. Archived from the original on July 9, 2019. Retrieved July 9, 2019.
- ^ "Current Members". www.supremecourt.gov. Supreme Court of the United States. October 9, 2022. Retrieved October 9, 2022.
- ^ "Chief Justice Roberts leans to the left". The Economist. Archived from the original on July 27, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2018.
- ^ Barnes, Robert (June 28, 2018). "'If it wasn't the Roberts court already, it is the Roberts court now'". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on October 6, 2018. Retrieved October 6, 2018.
- ^ Rosen, Jeffrey (July 13, 2020). "John Roberts Is Just Who the Supreme Court Needed". The Atlantic. Retrieved April 1, 2022.
- ^ Greenhouse, Linda (July 9, 2023). "Opinion | Look at What John Roberts and His Court Have Wrought Over 18 Years". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 1, 2024.
- ^ "7 in 10 Americans think Supreme Court justices put ideology over impartiality: poll". The Oakland Press. June 27, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.
- ^ "Biographies of Current Justices of the Supreme Court". supremecourt.gov. Archived from the original on July 21, 2011. Retrieved August 30, 2011.
- ^ "Judicial Nominations – Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr". George W. Bush | White House archives. whitehouse.gov. Archived from the original on January 14, 2016. Retrieved January 31, 2016.
- ^ "John G. Roberts, Jr". oyez.org. Archived from the original on April 4, 2016. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
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