Johor

Johor
State
State and Occupied Territories of Johor, the Abode of Dignity Negeri dan Jajahan Takluk Johor Darul Ta'zim
Flag Coat of arms
Nickname(s):  Darul Ta'zim[1][2]
Motto:  Kepada Allah Berserah[1] To Allah We Surrender[1]
Anthem: Lagu Bangsa Johor Johor State Anthem
Johor in    Malaysia
Country	Malaysia
Johor Sultanate	1528
Anglo–Johor Treaty	1885
Johor State Constitution	14 April 1895
British protectorate	1914
Japanese occupation	1942
Accession into the Federation of Malaya	1948
Malayan Declaration of Independence	31 August 1957
Proclamation of Malaysia	16 September 1963
Capital and largest city	Johor Bahru[3] 1°59′27″N 103°28′58″E / 1.99083°N 103.48278°E / 1.99083; 103.48278
Royal capital	Muar
Official languages	Malay
Recognised regional languages	Jakun Duano' Orang Seletar Others
Ethnic groups (2020)[4]	60.1% Bumiputera 32.8% Chinese 6.6% Indian 0.5% Other ethnicities
Religion (2020)[4]	59.7% Sunni Islam (official) 28.7% Buddhism 7.1% Hinduism 3.0% Christianity 0.8% Other religions 0.7% No religion
Demonym(s)	Johorean
Government	Parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Sultan	Ibrahim Ismail
• Menteri Besar	Onn Hafiz Ghazi (BN–UMNO)
Legislature	Legislative Assembly
Area
• Total	19,166 km2 (7,400 sq mi)
Highest elevation (Mount Ledang)	1,276 m (4,186 ft)
Population
• 2020 census	4,009,670
• Density	209.2/km2 (541.8/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)	2023 estimate
• Total	$120.163 billion
• Per capita	$29,302
GDP (nominal)	2023 estimate
• Total	$31.401 billion[5]
• Per capita	$9,189[5]
Gini (2022)	0.366[6] low
HDI (2023)	0.796[7] high
Currency	Malaysian ringgit (RM/MYR)
Time zone	UTC+8 (Malaysian Time)
Date format	dd-mm-yyyy
Driving side	Left
Calling code	07 06 (Muar and Tangkak)[8]
Postal code	79xxx[10] to 86xxx,[11] 73400
ISO 3166 code	MY-01, 21–24[9]
Website	johor.gov.my

Johor (/dʒoʊˈhɔːr/; Malay pronunciation: [d͡ʒoho(r)], also spelled Johore) is a state of Malaysia in the south of the Malay Peninsula. It borders with Pahang, Malacca and Negeri Sembilan to the north. Johor has maritime borders with Singapore to the south and Indonesia to the east and west. As of 2023, the state's population is 4.09 million, making it the second most populous state in Malaysia, after Selangor.^[14][15] Johor Bahru is the capital city and the economic centre of the state, Kota Iskandar is the state administrative centre and Muar serves as the royal capital.

As one of the nation's most important economic powerhouses, Johor has the highest gross domestic product (GDP) in Malaysia outside of the Klang Valley, making it the country's second largest state economy, behind Selangor. It also has the second highest household income among all states in Malaysia.^[16] Johor is a major logistics centre and the largest transshipment hub in Malaysia, home to the Port of Tanjung Pelepas, the 15th busiest port in the world.^[17] Johor Bahru is also the core city of Iskandar Malaysia that covers much of southern Johor, which is the country's largest special economic zone by investment value.

Johor has high diversity in ethnicity, culture, and language. The state is known for its traditional dance of Zapin and Kuda kepang. The head of state is the Sultan of Johor, while the head of government is the Chief Minister. The government system is closely modelled on the Westminster parliamentary system. The state is divided into administrative districts, with Johor Bahru District being the second largest district in Malaysia by population and economy.^[18][19] Islam is the state religion, but other religions can be freely practised. Johor has highly diverse tropical rainforests and an equatorial climate. Situated at the southern foothills of the Tenasserim Hills, inselbergs and massifs dominate the state's flat landscape, with Mount Ledang being the highest point.