July Monarchy

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Kingdom of France[a] Royaume de France (French)
1830–1848
Flag Coat of arms (1831–1848)
Motto: Ordre et liberté (French)[1] "Order and Liberty"
Anthem: La Parisienne ("The Parisian")
The Kingdom of France in 1839
Capital	Paris
Religion	Roman Catholicism (Official religion) Minorities: Calvinism Lutheranism Judaism
Demonym(s)	French
Government	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
King
• 1830–1848	Louis Philippe I
• 1848	Louis Philippe II (disputed)
President of the Council of Ministers
• 1830 (first)	Louis Philippe I
• 1848 (last)	Louis-Mathieu Molé
Legislature	Parliament
• Upper house	Chamber of Peers
• Lower house	Chamber of Deputies
History
• July Revolution	26–29 July 1830
• Constitution adopted	7 August 1830
• End of second Bourbon Restoration[2]	9 August 1830
• February Revolution	23-26 February 1848
Currency	French franc
Preceded by Succeeded by Kingdom of France French Second Republic
Today part of	France Algeria

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Ancient Prehistory   Greek colonies 600 BC – 49 BC Celtic Gaul   until 50 BC Roman Gaul 50 BC – 486 AD
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Long 19th century French Revolution 1789–1799 Kingdom of France 1791–1792 First Republic 1792–1804 First Empire 1804–1814 Restoration 1814–1830 July Monarchy 1830–1848 Second Republic 1848–1852 Second Empire 1852–1870 Third Republic 1870–1940     Belle Époque 1871–1914
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The July Monarchy (French: Monarchie de Juillet), officially the Kingdom of France (French: Royaume de France), was a liberal constitutional monarchy in France under Louis Philippe I, starting on 9 August 1830, after the revolutionary victory of the July Revolution of 1830, and ending 26 February 1848, with the Revolution of 1848. It marks the end of the Bourbon Restoration (1814–1830). It began with the overthrow of the conservative government of Charles X, the last king of the main line House of Bourbon.

Louis Philippe I, a member of the more liberal Orléans branch of the House of Bourbon, proclaimed himself as Roi des Français ("King of the French") rather than "King of France", emphasizing the popular origins of his reign. The king promised to follow the juste milieu, or the middle-of-the-road, avoiding the extremes of both the conservative supporters of Charles X and radicals on the left.

The July Monarchy was dominated by wealthy bourgeoisie and numerous former Napoleonic officials. It followed conservative policies, especially under the influence of François Guizot. The king promoted friendship with the United Kingdom and sponsored colonial expansion, notably the French conquest of Algeria. By 1848, a year in which many European states had a revolution, Louis Philippe I's popularity had collapsed, and he abdicated because of the revolution.

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