Back Diùra Breton Jura (Hèbrides) Catalan Jura (pulo) CEB Jura (ostrov) Czech Jura (ynys) Welsh Jura (ø) Danish Jura (Schottland) German Τζούρα Greek Jura (isla) Spanish Jura saar Estonian
| Scottish Gaelic name | Diùra [ˈtʲuːɾə] |
|---|---|
| Old Norse name | Dýrey |
| Meaning of name | "deer island"[1] |
 Craighouse from the pier with the Paps of Jura in the background | |
| Location | |
  Jura Jura shown within Argyll and Bute | |
| OS grid reference | NR589803 |
| Coordinates | 56°N 6°W / 56°N 6°W |
| Physical geography | |
| Island group | Islay |
| Area | 366.92 km2 (142 sq mi) |
| Area rank | 8 [2] |
| Highest elevation | Beinn an Òir, 785 m (2,575 ft) |
| Administration | |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Country | Scotland |
| Council area | Argyll and Bute |
| Demographics | |
| Population | 196 (2013)[3] |
| Population rank | 31 [2] |
| Population density | 0.5/km2 (1.3/sq mi)[3][4] |
| Largest settlement | Craighouse |
 | |
| References | [4][5] |
Jura (/ˈdʒʊərə/ JOOR-ə; Scottish Gaelic: Diùra) is an island in the Inner Hebrides of Scotland, adjacent to and northeast of Islay. With an area of 36,692 hectares (142 sq mi), and 196 inhabitants recorded in the 2011 census,[3] Jura is more sparsely populated than Islay, and is one of the least densely populated islands of Scotland: in a list of the islands of Scotland ranked by size, Jura comes eighth,[6] whereas by population it comes 31st. The island is mountainous, bare and largely infertile, covered by extensive areas of blanket bog.[7]
The main settlement is the east coast village of Craighouse.[8] The Jura distillery, producing Isle of Jura single malt whisky, is in the village,[9] as is the island's rum distillery which opened in 2021. Craighouse also houses the island's shop, church, primary school, the Jura hotel and bar, a gallery, craft shop, tearoom and the community run petrol pumps.
North of Craighouse are a number of other small settlements on or near the east coast: Keils, Knockrome, Ardfernal, Lagg, Tarbert, Ardlussa (home of Lussa Gin) and Inverlussa. George Orwell lived on Jura intermittently from 1946 to 1949, and completed his novel Nineteen Eighty-Four while living at a remote farmhouse.[10]
Between Jura's northern tip and the island of Scarba lies the Gulf of Corryvreckan, where a whirlpool makes passage dangerous at certain states of the tide. The southern part of the island, from Loch Tarbert southwards, is designated a national scenic area (NSA),[11] one of 40 such areas in Scotland.[12] The Jura NSA covers 30,317 hectares (117 sq mi): 21,072 of land and 9,245 of adjacent sea.[13]
- ^ Mills, A. D. (2011). "Jura (island)". A Dictionary of British Place Names. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780191739446.
- ^ a b Area and population ranks: there are c. 300 islands over 20 ha in extent and 93 permanently inhabited islands were listed in the 2011 census.
- ^ a b c National Records of Scotland (15 August 2013). "Appendix 2: Population and households on Scotland's Inhabited Islands" (PDF). Statistical Bulletin: 2011 Census: First Results on Population and Household Estimates for Scotland Release 1C (Part Two) (PDF) (Report). SG/2013/126. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
- ^ a b Haswell-Smith (2004) p. 47
- ^ Anderson, Joseph (Ed.) (1893) Orkneyinga Saga. Translated by Jón A. Hjaltalin & Gilbert Goudie. Edinburgh. James Thin and Mercat Press (1990 reprint). ISBN 0-901824-25-9
- ^ Haswell-Smith (2004) p. 502
- ^ Haswell-Smith (2004) pp. 49–50
- ^ "Isle of Jura". The Internet Guide to Scotland. Retrieved 7 December 2018.
- ^ isleofjura.com[permanent dead link] Retrieved 2010-07-18.
- ^ "The Best Things To See And Do In Jura The Scottish Island Where Orwell Wrote '1984'". Culture Trip. 28 May 2018.
- ^ "Jura National Scenic Area". NatureScot. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
- ^ "National Scenic Areas". NatureScot. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
- ^ "National Scenic Areas – Maps". SNH. 20 December 2010. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 24 January 2018.
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