Justice and Equality Movement

Justice and Equality Movement
Justice and Equality Movement
حركة العدل والمساواة
Leaders	Khalil Ibrahim (2000–2011); Gibril Ibrahim (2012–present)
Dates of operation	2000–present
Active regions	Darfur & Kurdufan, Sudan; Libya
Ideology	Islamic democracy; Populism; Federalism
Size	35,000 (claim)
Part of	Sudan Revolutionary Front
Allies	Sudan Liberation Movement/Army ; Liberation and Justice Movement
Opponents	Sudanese Armed Forces (until November 2023); Janjaweed and Rapid Support Forces
Battles and wars	War in Darfur; Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile; Heglig Crisis; South Sudanese Civil War 2016–2019 Wau clashes; ; Insurgency in Chad (2016–present); Libyan Civil War (2014–2020); Sudanese civil war (2023–present);

The Justice and Equality Movement (JEM; Arabic: حركة العدل والمساواة, Ḥarakat al-ʿAdl wal-musāwāh) is an opposition group in Sudan founded by Khalil Ibrahim.^[5] Gibril Ibrahim has led the group since January 2012 after the death of Khalil, his brother, in December 2011.^[6] The JEM supported the removal of President of Sudan, Omar al-Bashir and nation-wide government reform.^[7]

^ "Who are Sudan's Jem rebels?" Al Jazeera
^ "Sudan civil war: Darfur's Jem rebels join army fight against RSF". 2023-11-17. Retrieved 2024-05-09.
^ "JEM involvement against Sudanese government in the Heglig War" (PDF). Archived from the original on 2016-06-10. Retrieved 2024-12-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
^ "Libya on the Brink of a Full-blown Civil War?". Middle East briefing. III (144). 2016-09-22. Archived from the original on 2016-11-21. Retrieved 2019-11-01.
^ "Who are Sudan's Darfur rebels?". BBC News. 23 February 2010. Archived from the original on 28 February 2023. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
^ "Darfur's strongest rebel group elects new chief". Reuters. 2012-01-26. Retrieved 2023-11-06.
^ "Justice and Equality Movement (JEM)" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 October 2023. Retrieved 13 January 2024.

[WhoAreJem-1] "Who are Sudan's Jem rebels?" Al Jazeera

[2] "Sudan civil war: Darfur's Jem rebels join army fight against RSF". 2023-11-17. Retrieved 2024-05-09.

[3] "JEM involvement against Sudanese government in the Heglig War" (PDF). Archived from the original on 2016-06-10. Retrieved 2024-12-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)

[ME_briefing_Haftar_support-4] "Libya on the Brink of a Full-blown Civil War?". Middle East briefing. III (144). 2016-09-22. Archived from the original on 2016-11-21. Retrieved 2019-11-01.

[WhoAre-5] "Who are Sudan's Darfur rebels?". BBC News. 23 February 2010. Archived from the original on 28 February 2023. Retrieved 13 January 2024.

[6] "Darfur's strongest rebel group elects new chief". Reuters. 2012-01-26. Retrieved 2023-11-06.

[7] "Justice and Equality Movement (JEM)" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 October 2023. Retrieved 13 January 2024.

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Justice and Equality Movement
حركة العدل والمساواة

Leaders	Khalil Ibrahim (2000–2011) Gibril Ibrahim (2012–present)
Dates of operation	2000–present
Active regions	Darfur & Kurdufan, Sudan Libya
Ideology	Islamic democracy Populism Federalism
Size	35,000 (claim)^[1]
Part of	Sudan Revolutionary Front
Allies	Sudan Liberation Movement/Army Liberation and Justice Movement
Opponents	Sudanese Armed Forces (until November 2023)^[2] Janjaweed and Rapid Support Forces
Battles and wars	War in Darfur Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile Heglig Crisis^[3] South Sudanese Civil War 2016–2019 Wau clashes Insurgency in Chad (2016–present) Libyan Civil War (2014–2020) Sudanese civil war (2023–present)