Back الحزب العدلي Arabic الحزب العدلى ARZ Хустысіялісцкая партыя Byelorussian Partit Justicialista Catalan Justicialistická strana Czech Partido Justicialista Welsh Partido Justicialista Danish Partido Justicialista German Partido Justicialista Esperanto Partido Justicialista Spanish

Justicialist Party

Justicialist Party
Partido Justicialista
AbbreviationPJ
PresidentCristina Fernández de Kirchner[1]
Vice-PresidentJosé Mayans
Senate leaderJosé Mayans (UP)
Chamber leaderGermán Martínez (UP)
FoundersJuan Perón
Eva Perón
Founded21 July 1946 (1946-07-21)
Merger ofLabour Party
UCR Board Renewal
Independent Party[2]
Headquarters130 Matheu Street
Buenos Aires
Student wingPeronist University Youth
Youth wingPeronist Youth
Membership (2022)3,204,329[3]
Ideology
Political positionCentre-left[8][A]
National affiliationUnion for the Homeland[9]
Continental affiliationChristian Democrat Organization of America[10]
São Paulo Forum
COPPPAL[11]
Colors  Light blue   White
Anthem"Peronist March"
Seats in the Senate
31 / 72
Seats in the Chamber of Deputies
100 / 257
Governors
7 / 24
Election symbol
Flag
Flag
Website
pj.org.ar
^ A: The party has been described as catch-all,[7] syncretic or a "third way" party,[12][13] as well as centre-left,[14] left-wing,[15] and leftist.[16]
This diversity in classifying the Justicialist Party is caused by Peronism historically stretching from far-left to far-right views.[17] The party is classified as centre-left or left-wing because of the dominating position of Kirchnerism; Steven Levitsky notes that under Kirchnerism, the party "shifted programmatically to the left".[18] Lastly, Juan Perón, the founder of the Peronist movement, is considered to have been ideologically left-wing.[19][20]

The Justicialist Party (Spanish: Partido Justicialista, IPA: [paɾˈtiðo xustisjaˈlista]; abbr. PJ) is a major political party in Argentina, and the largest branch within Peronism.[21] Following the 2023 presidential election, it has been the largest party in the opposition against President Javier Milei.

Founded by Juan Perón and his wife, First Lady Eva Perón, it was previously called the Peronist Party after its founder. Under Perón, the party followed a left-wing agenda based on his policies.[22] It is overall the largest party in Congress, but the party's factual position was undermined by divisions that emerged in the 1990s and lasted until 2020. The PJ was rocked by a conflict between two Peronist tendencies, Kirchnerism,[26] the main, left-wing populist faction of the party,[27] and Federal Peronism,[30] which was located on the centre[31] and centre-right[32] of the political spectrum. The division ended with the failure of Federal Peronism to challenge the dominating Kirchnerist faction in 2019.[33][34] This was completed by Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, the main leader of Kirchnerism, being elected the leader of the party,[35] and the creation of a separate dissident party - the Federal Consensus.

Aside Juan Perón, who governed Argentina on three occasions from 1946 to 1955 and later from 1973 to 1974, eleven presidents of Argentina have belonged to the Justicialist Party: Héctor Cámpora, Raúl Alberto Lastiri, Isabel Perón, Carlos Menem, Ramón Puerta, Adolfo Rodríguez Saá, Eduardo Camaño, Eduardo Duhalde, Néstor Kirchner, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner and Alberto Fernández. Justicialists have been the largest party in Congress almost consistently since 1987.


  1. ^ "Justicialista Party declares Cristina Kirchner party president". Buenos Aires Herald. 5 November 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
  2. ^ "Se crea la Unión Cívica Radical Junta Renovadora UCR-JR". Laopinionpopular.com.ar. Retrieved 13 October 2017.
  3. ^ "Cuántos afiliados a un partido político hay en el país y qué agrupaciones crecieron más en el último año". 2 April 2023.
  4. ^ Claeys, Gregory (2013). CQ Press (ed.). Encyclopedia of Modern Political Thought (set). CQ Press. p. 617. ISBN 9781506317588.
  5. ^ Ameringer, Charles D. (1992). Greenwood (ed.). Political Parties of the Americas, 1980s to 1990s: Canada, Latin America, and the West Indies. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 43. ISBN 9780313274183.
  6. ^ "The persistence of Peronism". The Economist. 15 October 2015.
  7. ^ a b
    • Iglesias, Fernando A. (12 August 2020). El Medioevo peronista (in Spanish). Libros del Zorzal. ISBN 978-987-599-621-2. El Partido Justicialista es un partido catch all, una organización éticamente amorfa y carente de ideología cuyo objetivo es la captura y retención del poder.
    • Anderson, Cora Fernández (13 May 2020). Fighting for Abortion Rights in Latin America: Social Movements, State Allies and Institutions. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-07142-9. From the 1940s until the end of the twentieth century, Argentine politics was dominated by two catch-all political parties: The Unión Cívica Radical (UCR) and the Partido Justicialista (PJ), also known as peronism because of the prominence of its founding figure, former president Juan Domingo Perón (1946-1955 and 1973-1974).
    • Sutton, Barbara; Vacarezza, Nayla Luz (5 August 2021). Abortion and Democracy: Contentious Body Politics in Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-40446-3. From the 1940s until the end of the 20th century, Argentine politics was dominated by two catch-all political parties, meaning parties that aim to attract a large part of the electorate despite holding diverse viewpoints: The Unión Cívica Radical (Radical Civic Union, UCR) and the Partido Justicialista (Justicialist Party, PJ), also known as Peronism because of the prominence of its founding figure, former President Juan Domingo Perón (1946-55 and 1973-74).
    • Strassner, Veit (7 December 2007). Die offenen Wunden Lateinamerikas: Vergangenheitspolitik im postautoritären Argentinien, Uruguay und Chile (in German). Springer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-531-90657-7. Das argentinische Parteiensystem ist nach 1983 maBgeblich durch die beiden grofen Parteien Unión Cívica Radical und die Peronistische Parte1 (Partido Justicialista, PJ) gekennzeichnet. Bei beiden handelt es sich um catch all-Parteien, wobei die Peronisten traditionell eher caudillistisch oder personalistisch ausgerichtet waren, und die UCR ¡hre Wáhlerschaft urspriinglich eher aus der (oberen) Mittelklasse rekrutierte (Dix 1989: 27).
    • Torre, Juan Carlos; Casullo, María Esperanza; Quirós, Julieta (24 May 2019). ¿Volverá el peronismo? (in Spanish). Capital Intelectual. ISBN 978-987-614-580-0. la implosión de ese formidable catch-all party que era el Partido Justicialista, el cual, como el Partido Demócrata de Estados Unidos en los años sesenta -recordemos a John Kennedy versus la máquina política demócrata del Surdaba cabida en sus filas a una gran diversidad ideológica.
    • Standard & Poor's Creditweek. Standard & Poor's Corporation. 2005. In Argentina, the administration of President Nestor Kirchner represents the left wing of the catch-all Peronist Party.
    • Gordin, Jorge P. (2006). "Intergovernmental fiscal relations, 'Argentine Style'". Journal of Public Policy. 26 (3): 255–277. doi:10.1017/S0143814X06000535. ISSN 1469-7815. Further, the 'catch-all' nature of Argentina'smainstream parties, the Peronist Party and the UCR, leads to intra-partyconfrontations because these parties embrace quite distinct factions.
  8. ^
    • Wallihan, Jake (2023). "The Strength of Democracy in Argentina and Where it Stands Today". The Journal of Foreign Affairs at Carolina. 8 (2). University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill: 29. doi:10.17615/kj66-1m54. With the election and successful completion in office of Macri's administration, there has been a re-establishment of a clear left-right, where the PJ fell on the left side of the political spectrum and PRO fell on the right (a facet that was somewhat evident in the 1980s but not present in the 1990s).
    • Cupples, Julie (2021). Development and Decolonization in Latin America. Routledge. p. 104. ISBN 9780367627089. The centre-left Justicialist Party returned to power in 2019, and Cristina Fernández became vice-president.
    • Mukherjee, Hoimi (2023). "Brazil's Emergence in the United States' 'Backyard': Domestic Leadership and Systemic Status". Jadavpur Journal of International Relations. 27 (1). Sage Publishing: 7–32. doi:10.1177/09735984231161723. Bolsonaro boycotted the Argentinian Presidential Inauguration in 2019 as President Alberto Fernández is from the leftist Justicialist Party.
    • Vila-Seoane, Maximiliano (2023). "Framing China: The Belt and Road Initiative in Argentine national media outlets". Communication & Society. 36 (4). Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra: 164. doi:10.15581/003.36.4.155-174. hdl:10171/67629. ISSN 2386-7876. Therefore, the newspaper distributed views consistent with the centre-left Justicialist Party, which has historically favoured a close partnership with China.
    • Veltmeyer, Henry (2024). "The Politics of Neoliberal Authoritarianism". Latin American Politics in the Neoliberal Era: The Changing Dynamics of Class Struggle. The Politics of Neoliberal Authoritarianism. Leeds: Emerald Publishing Limited. pp. 29–51. doi:10.1108/978-1-83797-841-020241003. ISBN 978-1-83797-842-7. Justicialist Party but representing the center-left Patriotic Union coalition, also bringing back the center-left Justicialist Party...
    • Ülke Arıboğan, Deniz; Khelghat-Doost, Hamoon (2023). Constructing Motherhood Identity: Against Political Violence Beyond Crying Mothers. Springer. p. 48. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-36538-6. ISBN 978-3-031-36538-6. ISSN 2731-5061. Mom Cultivates Argentina had their work cut out for them under the right-leaning government of Mauricio Macri (of the Republican Proposal party, 2015–2019), but has seen results since the Alberto Fernández government (of the left-leaning Justicialist Party) came to power.
    • Gonçalves Bernardes, Bruno Miguel (31 December 2024). "Welfare Regimes in Latin America: A Retrospective Comparative Analysis". Revista Latinoamerica de Ciencias Sociales. 3 (1). Relacis: 106. doi:10.5281/zenodo.14788109. ISSN 2955-8867. In the case of the PJ, where a shift to the left is visible, pragmatism grants greater decentralization, along with a greater focus on direct resource transfer policies, leaving the health and education sectors almost untouched, where greater institutional fragmentation makes changes difficult.
  9. ^ Múgica Díaz, Joaquín (14 June 2023). "Unión por la Patria es el nuevo nombre elegido por el Frente de Todos para las elecciones". Infobae (in Spanish). Retrieved 4 March 2025.
  10. ^ "Partidos | ODCA.cl".
  11. ^ "Países y Partidos Miembros de la COPPPAL – Copppal". Archived from the original on 21 August 2020. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  12. ^ Galvan, D.; Sil, R. (2007). Springer (ed.). Reconfiguring Institutions Across Time and Space: Syncretic Responses to Challenges of Political and Economic Transformation. Springer. p. 107. ISBN 9780230603066.
  13. ^ Weitz-Shapiro, Rebecca (2014). Cambridge University Press (ed.). Curbing Clientelism in Argentina. Cambridge University Press. p. 19. ISBN 9781107073623.
  14. ^ Cupples, Julie (2021). Development and Decolonization in Latin America. Routledge. p. 104. ISBN 9780367627089. The centre-left Justicialist Party returned to power in 2019, and Cristina Fernández became vice-president.
  15. ^ Del Real, Deisy (2019). Documenting the Undocumented: the Construction of Legal Residency as a Substantive Right Under the Mercosur Residency Agreements. Los Angeles: University of California. pp. 106–107. These included Argentina's President Nestor Kirchner (2003-2007) of the left-wing Justicialist Party; Bolivia's President Evo Morales (2006–present) of the left-wing Movement for Socialism-Political Instrument for the Sovereignty of the Peoples; Uruguay's President Tabaré Vázquez (2005-2010) of the left-wing Socialist Party; and Brazil's Presidents Lula da Silva (2003-2010) and Dilma Rousseff (2011-2016) of the left-wing Workers' Party.
  16. ^ Singer, Matthew M. (2014). "The 2013 congressional elections in Argentina". Electoral Studies. 35 (1). Elsevier Ltd.: 371. doi:10.1016/j.electstud.2014.01.003. ISSN 0261-3794. This tendency started in the 1980s as the economic collapse decimated the unions that had formed the base of the leftist Justicialist Party (PJ, although it is more commonly referenced as the Peronist Party).
  17. ^ Levitsky, Steven; Roberts, Kenneth M. (2011). The Resurgence of the Latin American Left. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 285. ISBN 978-1-4214-0110-2.
  18. ^ Levitsky, Steven; Roberts, Kenneth M. (2011). The Resurgence of the Latin American Left. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 14. ISBN 978-1-4214-0110-2.
  19. ^ Ellner, Steve (2020). Latin America's Pink Tide: Breakthroughs and Shortcomings. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 7. ISBN 9781538125649. These writers also argue that twenty-first-century Latin American leftist governments, like Peronism in the 1940s, were doomed to failure since the success of their defiance of powerful actors was contingent on the indefinite duration of favorable international markets for their nations' exports.
  20. ^ Wylde, Christopher (2017). Emerging Markets and the State: Developmentalism in the 21st Century. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 138–139. doi:10.1057/978-1-137-55655-4. ISBN 978-1-137-55654-7. Perón and Peronismo (Peronism) therefore represented a form of leftist–populist nationalism, rooted in an urban working-class movement that was allied to elements of the domestic bourgeoisie as well as the military.
  21. ^ "Partido Justicialista". Pj.org.ar. Retrieved 13 October 2017.
  22. ^ Santa Cruz, Arturo (25 August 2022). "US Hegemony, Economic Statecraft, and the Political Economy of US Power". Brazilian Journal of International Relations. 11 (2). Marília: Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências: 197. doi:10.36311/2237-7743.2022.v11n2.p190-218. ISSN 2237-7743. It was actually related to Perón's political economy conception, as well as to what he considered appropriate a state led by his left-leaning Justicialist party should do; these ideational matters therefore greatly affected the economic policies, that is, the means, his government implemented.
  23. ^ Dube, Ryan (19 August 2019). "Argentina's Fernández Moves from Little-Known Politician to Next Likely President". Wall Street Journal.
  24. ^ Jalalzai, Farida (2015). Routledge (ed.). Women Presidents of Latin America: Beyond Family Ties?. Routledge. p. 27. ISBN 9781317668350.
  25. ^ Agustín, Óscar G.; Briziarelli, Marco (2017). Springer (ed.). Podemos and the New Political Cycle: Left-Wing Populism and Anti-Establishment Politics. Springer. p. 195. ISBN 9783319634326.
  26. ^ [23][24][25]
  27. ^
  28. ^ Gallego-Díaz, Soledad (19 October 2011). "El peronista Duhalde intenta conservar una parcela de poder en Buenos Aires". El País.
  29. ^ Silva, Eduardo; Rossi, Federico (2018). University of Pittsburgh Press (ed.). Reshaping the Political Arena in Latin America: From Resisting Neoliberalism to the Second Incorporation. University of Pittsburgh Press. ISBN 9780822983101.
  30. ^ [28][29]
  31. ^ "Alejandro "Topo" Rodríguez: No se puede construir nada a futuro con impronta macrista". La Voz del Interior. 15 October 2020. Rodríguez, politólogo de profesión y docente de Políticas Públicas, sostiene que este peronismo federal, que subsiste en el medio del antagonismo rabioso entre el Frente de Todos (FDT) y Juntos por el Cambio (JPC), se propone insistir en la construcción de un espacio independiente, de centro moderado y progresista.
  32. ^ ABDO, GERARDO DAVID OMAR (13 November 2014). "Peronismo Federal: ambicion y despretigio hechos fuerza politica". Monografias.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 December 2023.
  33. ^ Garriga, Ana Carolina; Negri, Juan (2020). "It's (Almost) Always the Economy: Economic Performance and Political Realignments in Argentina in 2019". Revista de Ciencia Política. 40 (2): 152. doi:10.4067/S0718-090X2020005000104. As said, his candidacy was severely weakened by the dismantling of the Federal Peronism alternative.
  34. ^ Medina, Juan M. Abal (2020). "Peronism Back in Power in Argentina: Economic Crisis and Political Stability". Latin American Policy. 11 (1). Wiley Periodicals, Inc.: 151. doi:10.1111/lamp.12184. Thus, the attempt by Federal Peronism, which the previous year saw itself as a consolidated actor, to create a "third alternative" was destroyed.
  35. ^ "Justicialista Party declares Cristina Kirchner party president". Buenos Aires Herald. 5 November 2024.

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