Justus von Liebig

Justus Freiherr von Liebig
Born	(1803-05-12)12 May 1803 Darmstadt, Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt
Died	20 April 1873(1873-04-20) (aged 69) Munich, Kingdom of Bavaria, German Empire
Alma mater	University of Bonn University of Erlangen
Known for	See list Agricultural chemistry Analytical chemistry Biochemistry Organic chemistry Benzilic acid rearrangement Barking dog reaction Combustion analysis Fermentation theory Law of the Minimum Liebig condenser Liebig process Liebig's theory of acids Kaliapparat Meat extract Organocatalysis Plant nutrition Silvering Yeast extract
Awards	Albert Medal (1869)
Scientific career
Fields	Chemistry
Institutions	University of Giessen University of Munich
Doctoral advisor	Karl Wilhelm Gottlob Kastner
Doctoral students	See list Carl Schmidt Nikolay Zinin Victor Regnault Carl von Voit Hermann von Fehling Hermann Franz Moritz Kopp August von Hofmann Lyon Playfair Emil Erlenmeyer Heinrich Ritthausen Moritz Traube Adolph Strecker Wilhelm Henneberg
Other notable students	See list August Kekulé Sir Benjamin Collins Brodie, 2nd Baronet Augustus Voelcker[1] Julius Eugen Schlossberger Carl Vogt Max Joseph von Pettenkofer

Justus Freiherr von Liebig^[2] (12 May 1803 – 20 April 1873)^[3] was a German scientist who made major contributions to agricultural and biological chemistry, and is considered one of the principal founders of organic chemistry.^[4] As a professor at the University of Giessen, he devised the modern laboratory-oriented teaching method, and for such innovations, he is regarded as one of the greatest chemistry teachers of all time.^[5] He has been described as the "father of the fertilizer industry" for his emphasis on nitrogen and trace minerals as essential plant nutrients, and his popularization of the law of the minimum, which described how plant growth relied on the scarcest nutrient resource, rather than the total amount of resources available.^[6] He also developed a manufacturing process for beef extracts,^[7] and with his consent a company, called Liebig Extract of Meat Company, was founded to exploit the concept; it later introduced the Oxo brand beef bouillon cube. He popularized an earlier invention for condensing vapors, which came to be known as the Liebig condenser.^[8]