KVTK (rocket stage)

KVTK
Manufacturer	Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center
Country of origin	Russia
Used on	Angara A5 (upper stage)
General characteristics
Height	10.4 meters (34 ft)
Diameter	3.8 meters (12 ft)
Gross mass	23,530 kilograms (51,870 lb)
Propellant mass	19,600 kilograms (43,200 lb)
KVTK
Powered by	1 RD-0146D
Maximum thrust	68.6 kilonewtons (15,400 lbf)
Specific impulse	463 seconds (4.54 km/s)
Burn time	1,350 s
Propellant	LH2/LOX

The KVTK (Russian: Кислородно-водородный тяжёлого класса, Oxygen/Hydrogen Heavy Class) is a liquid oxygen/hydrogen upper stage for high energy orbits that is currently under development. The KVTK contains an RD-0146D engine and is designed for use on Angara rockets.^[1] KVTK would be the first hydrogen-powered upper stage for use on a Russian launch vehicle, although Khrunichev has previously produced a hydrogen-powered upper stage (KVD-1) for the Indian GSLV.^[2] KVTK is designed to provide up to five ignitions, allowing for complex orbital maneuvering, and have an on-orbit lifespan of up to nine hours. KVTK would allow an increase in payload to GTO of 20-50% compared to the Angara A5's standard Briz-M upper stage, powered by UDMH and N₂O₄.^[3]

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