Kabaw Valley

Kabaw Valley

ကဘော်ချိုင့်ဝှမ်း
Kabaw Valley ကဘော်ချိုင့်ဝှမ်း
Natural region
	Kabaw Valley
	Coordinates: 24°06′19″N 94°20′31″E / 24.10527°N 94.34194°E
Country	Myanmar
Area
• Total	22,210 km2 (8,580 sq mi)
Elevation	140 m (460 ft)

The Kabaw Valley also known as Kubo valley^[3] is a highland valley in Myanmar's western Sagaing Division, close to the border with India's Manipur. The valley is located between Yomadong range of mountains, which constitute the present-day India–Myanmar border, and the Chindwin River (also called the Ningthi River).^[4]

According to the Manipur chronicles, king Kiyamba of Manipur conquered the Kabaw Valley jointly with the king of the Pong kingdom in the 15 century, and the valley was divided between the two kings. It was under Manipuri control for a considerable period, though it was frequently occupied by the Burmese kings from Bayinnaung onwards. Finally it was ceded to Burma by the king Marjit Singh in return for Burmese help in his accession to the throne.

During the First Anglo-Burmese War, the Manipuri prince Gambhir Singh evicted the Burmese from the Kabaw valley, but the Burmese contested the Manipuri claim to it. After receiving input from the British envoy to Burma, Major Burney,^[5] the British were persuaded to hand the valley back to Burma in 1834.^[6]^[7] The British compensated Manipur for the loss of territory by annual subsidy.^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]

^ "Manipur Demands Compensation for Kabaw Valley Lost to Myanmar during 'Yandabo Treaty' - INSIDE NE". 20 March 2020.
^ Kabaw Valley, Myanmar (Burma)
^ Tassin, Jean-Baptiste, Map of the territory of Muneepoor, with part of the Kubo valley and Burmese frontier, by captain R. Boileau Pemberton, Calcutta: J. B. Tassin, lith., OCLC 494924053
^ Mackenzie, Alexander (1884). History Of The Relations Of The Government With The Hill Tribes Of The North-east Frontier Of Bengal. p. 175.: "The Kubo Valley lies between the Heerok or Yoma range of mountains, which bounds the eastern side of the Manipur Valley, and Ningthee or Ky end wen [Chindwin] River."
^ Cocks, Samuel William (1919). A short history of Burma. London : Macmillan & Co., Ltd. pp. 59–117.
^ Aitchison, C. U. (1931). Collection of Treaties, Engagements and Sanads Relating to India and Neighbouring Countries. Vol. 12 edn: 5. Calcutta. p. 202.
^ A collection of treaties, engagements, and sanads relating to India and neighbouring countries. Government of India, Calcutta. 1929.
^ Brown, R. (1874). Statistical account of the native state of manipur. The Superintendent of Government Press,Calcutta. p. 74.
^ Singh, K. M. (Karam Manimohan) (1991). History of the Christian missions in Manipur and neighbouring states. New Delhi, India : Mittal Publications. p. 419. ISBN 978-81-7099-285-1.
^ Banerjee, A. C. (1946) [1943], The Eastern Frontier of British India, 1784–1826 (Second ed.), Calcutta: A. Mukherjee, pp. 492–493 – via archive.org
^ Bhat, Sudhakar (1975). The Challenge of the Northeast. N.A. pp. 51–54.: "The valley was made part of Burma by the British in 1834. As compensation for the loss of the territory, the British Government undertook to pay to the Ruler of Manipur a sum equivalent to Rs. 6,270 per annum. After the transfer of power, the Government of Burma continued to pay the amount to the Government of India which, in turn, passed on the amount to Manipur State."
^ Brown, R (1874). Statistical Account of Manipur. Calcutta: Superintendent of Government Press. pp. 73–74.: "All the provisions of the above treaty, with the exception of the last, remain in force. The only other arrangement carried out between the British and Manipur Governments in the form of a treaty relates tc the handing over of the Kubo Valley to the Burmese, and the payment of the monthly allowance in lieu. This arrangement bears date 25th January 1834, and stipulates that, should the Kubo Valley from any circumstances again revert to Manipur, the allowance shall cease."

[1] "Manipur Demands Compensation for Kabaw Valley Lost to Myanmar during 'Yandabo Treaty' - INSIDE NE". 20 March 2020.

[2] Kabaw Valley, Myanmar (Burma)

[3] Tassin, Jean-Baptiste, Map of the territory of Muneepoor, with part of the Kubo valley and Burmese frontier, by captain R. Boileau Pemberton, Calcutta: J. B. Tassin, lith., OCLC 494924053

[4] Mackenzie, Alexander (1884). History Of The Relations Of The Government With The Hill Tribes Of The North-east Frontier Of Bengal. p. 175.: "The Kubo Valley lies between the Heerok or Yoma range of mountains, which bounds the eastern side of the Manipur Valley, and Ningthee or Ky end wen [Chindwin] River."

[5] Cocks, Samuel William (1919). A short history of Burma. London : Macmillan & Co., Ltd. pp. 59–117.

[6] Aitchison, C. U. (1931). Collection of Treaties, Engagements and Sanads Relating to India and Neighbouring Countries. Vol. 12 edn: 5. Calcutta. p. 202.

[7] A collection of treaties, engagements, and sanads relating to India and neighbouring countries. Government of India, Calcutta. 1929.

[8] Brown, R. (1874). Statistical account of the native state of manipur. The Superintendent of Government Press,Calcutta. p. 74.

[9] Singh, K. M. (Karam Manimohan) (1991). History of the Christian missions in Manipur and neighbouring states. New Delhi, India : Mittal Publications. p. 419. ISBN 978-81-7099-285-1.

[10] Banerjee, A. C. (1946) [1943], The Eastern Frontier of British India, 1784–1826 (Second ed.), Calcutta: A. Mukherjee, pp. 492–493 – via archive.org

[11] Bhat, Sudhakar (1975). The Challenge of the Northeast. N.A. pp. 51–54.: "The valley was made part of Burma by the British in 1834. As compensation for the loss of the territory, the British Government undertook to pay to the Ruler of Manipur a sum equivalent to Rs. 6,270 per annum. After the transfer of power, the Government of Burma continued to pay the amount to the Government of India which, in turn, passed on the amount to Manipur State."

[Brown-12] Brown, R (1874). Statistical Account of Manipur. Calcutta: Superintendent of Government Press. pp. 73–74.: "All the provisions of the above treaty, with the exception of the last, remain in force. The only other arrangement carried out between the British and Manipur Governments in the form of a treaty relates tc the handing over of the Kubo Valley to the Burmese, and the payment of the monthly allowance in lieu. This arrangement bears date 25th January 1834, and stipulates that, should the Kubo Valley from any circumstances again revert to Manipur, the allowance shall cease."

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