Kremlin (fortification)

A kremlin (Russian: кремль, romanized: kreml', IPA: [ˈkrʲemlʲ] ^ⓘ) is a major fortified central complex found in historic Russian cities.^[1]^[2] The word is often used to refer to the Moscow Kremlin^[3] and - metonymically - to the government based there.^[4] Other such fortresses are called detinets, such as the Novgorod Detinets.

^ Pleshakov, Constantine (2006). Stalin's Folly: The Tragic First Ten Days of World War II on the Eastern Front. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 24. ISBN 0618773614. Archived from the original on 2023-12-16. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
^ G, Frank, Ben (2010-09-23). A Travel Guide to Jewish Russia & Ukraine. Pelican Publishing. p. 150. ISBN 9781455613281. Archived from the original on 2023-12-16. Retrieved 2020-11-06.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Shubin, Daniel H. (2004). A History of Russian Christianity, Vol. I: From the Earliest Years through Tsar Ivan IV. Algora Publishing. p. 5. ISBN 9780875862873. Archived from the original on 2023-12-16. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
^ Barcelona, Antonio; Benczes, Réka; Ibáñez, Francisco José Ruiz de Mendoza (2011). Defining Metonymy in Cognitive Linguistics: Towards a Consensus View. John Benjamins Publishing. p. 234. ISBN 978-9027223821. Archived from the original on 2022-11-22. Retrieved 2020-11-06.