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In society at large, LGBT individuals, especially youth, are at a higher risk of depression, anxiety, and suicide.[1][2][3] Though causes of mental health risk are complex, one often cited reason for these higher risks is minority stress stemming from societal anti-LGBT biases and stigma, rejection, and internalized homophobia.[4]
A 2016 empirical study found a correlation between the percentage of members of Mormonism's largest denomination, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), in a U.S. state and the suicide rates of that state, stating the reason was due to the church's stance on same-sex sexual relations.[5] The study could not examine what percentages of the deaths were LGBT persons or the percentage that were Latter-day Saints. A 2002 research report found a negative correlation in suicide between LDS Church youth members and nonmember youth in Utah, finding higher levels of religiosity appear to be inversely associated with suicide. The study did not take into account sexual orientation or gender identity and expression.[6] In a 2015 survey of 92 LGBTQ BYU students done by USGA, over half had at some point considered self-harm.[7]
Other studies have shown that LGBTQ Mormons and former Mormons experience higher rates of certain mental health disorders such as PTSD, major depressive disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder than the general population.[8][9][10] These are positively correlated with suicidality.[11][12][13] One snowball sampling study of 1,612 LGBT Mormon and former Mormon respondents in 2015 found that involvement with the LDS Church and being single and celibate or engaging in a mixed-orientation marriage are both associated with higher rates of depression and a lower quality of life for LGBT individuals.[8]
Many have stated the belief that LDS teachings on homosexuality and gender, such as the belief gender and sexuality can be changed, have contributed to the suicides of LGBTQ members, and enabled harsh behavior by its members.[16] In January 2016 the LDS Church stated in regards to reported suicides of LGBT Mormons that leaders and members are taught to "reach out in an active, caring way to all, especially to youth who feel estranged or isolated."[17] Affirmation, the largest and oldest continuously run LGBT Mormon organization, reported over 30 LGBT LDS deaths by suicide between 1971 and 2008[18][19] including five gay male Brigham Young University (BYU) students who died by suicide in 1965.[20][21]
- ^ "Building Bridges: LGBT Populations: A Dialogue on Advancing Opportunities for Recovery from Addictions and Mental Health Problems" (PDF). Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. 2013. pp. 1–3.
- ^ Fletcher Stack, Peggy (March 15, 2014). "Program aims to stop suicide, homelessness in LGBT Mormon youth". The Salt Lake Tribune. Retrieved November 29, 2016.
- ^ Christensen, Jen (June 28, 2023). "Transgender people face significantly higher suicide risk, Danish study finds". CNN. Retrieved February 10, 2024.
The study of more than 6.6 million people found that those who identified as trans had 7.7 times the rate of suicide attempts and 3.5 times the rate of suicide deaths than the broader Danish population.
- ^ Meyer, Ilan H.; Northridge, Mary E. (2007). Meyer, Ilan H.; Northridge, Mary E. (eds.). The Health of Sexual Minorities (1 ed.). US: Springer Publishing. pp. 242–247. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-31334-4. ISBN 978-0-387-31334-4 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Knoll, Benjamin (2016). "Youth Suicide Rates and Mormon Religious Context: An Additional Empirical Analysis" (PDF). Dialogue. 42 (2).
- ^ Hilton, Sterling C.; Fellingham, Gilbert W.; Lyon, Joseph L. (2002). "Suicide Rates and Religious Commitment in Young Adult Males in Utah". American Journal of Epidemiology. 155 (5): 413–419. doi:10.1093/aje/155.5.413. PMID 11867352.
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PTSD2was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b Prince, Gregory A. (2019). Gay Rights and the Mormon Church: Intended Actions, Unintended Consequences. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press. ISBN 9781607816638 – via Google Books.
- ^ Mayne, Mitch (June 14, 2012). "A Way Out of Danger for Mormon Youth". The Advocate. Pride Publishing Inc.
- ^ [14]: 4 [14]: 17 [15]
- ^ Walch, Tad; Collins, Lois M. (January 28, 2016). "LDS Church leaders mourn reported deaths in Mormon LGBT community". Deseret News. LDS Church. Retrieved November 29, 2016.
- ^ "Suicide Memorial". affirmation.org. Affirmation. Archived from the original on January 17, 2014. Retrieved November 29, 2016 – via Internet Archive.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ "Forum Discusses Suicide Prevention Among Mormons" (PDF). Sunstone. No. 125. December 2002. p. 79.
- ^ Corcoran, Brent; O'Donovan, Rocky (1994). Multiply and Replenish: Mormon Essays on Sex and Family. Salt Lake City, Utah: Signature Books. p. 156. ISBN 978-1560850502. Retrieved November 29, 2016.
- ^ McQueen, Robert (August 13, 1975). "Outside the Temple Gates-The Gay Mormon". The Advocate. p. 14. Archived from the original on July 19, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2016 – via Affirmation.
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