LGBT rights in Singapore

LGBT rights in Singapore
StatusLegal[a]
Gender identityLegal[b]
MilitaryYes
Discrimination protectionsProtections from incitement of religiously motivated anti-LGBT harassment and violence[2]
Family rights
Recognition of relationshipsNo
AdoptionLimited

The rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people in Singapore have evolved over the decades. Same-sex sexual activity is legal for both males and females; for men it was officially legalised in 2022 after being de facto decriminalised since 2007, and for women it was always legal. Prior to 2022, same-sex sexual activity between males was de jure illegal under the British colonial-era Section 377A of the Penal Code. The law had been de facto unenforced for decades. In February 2022, the Court of Appeal in the Supreme Court reaffirmed that 377A cannot be used to prosecute men for having sex with other men,[3][4][5] and that it is "unenforceable in its entirety".[5] Transgender rights in the country are also progressive in the region, which included Singapore being the first country in Asia to legalise sex reassignment surgery in 1973.

On 21 August 2022, Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong announced that the Government intended to repeal Section 377A of the Penal Code, effectively ending criminalisation both de facto and de jure.[6][7][8] On 22 August 2022, Home Affairs and Law Minister K. Shanmugam added that the Constitution would be amended to protect Parliament's right to define marriage instead of the judiciary, which is the Supreme Court of Singapore, leaving open the possibility for Parliament to legalise same-sex marriages or civil unions through a simple majority.[9] On 29 November 2022, the repeal of Section 377A of the Penal Code was officially passed in Parliament.[10]

Same-sex marriages are currently not recognised in the country, including the adoption of children by same-sex couples, although a gay Singaporean man with a male partner in 2018 won a landmark appeal to adopt a child that he had fathered through a surrogate.[11] In 2018, Education Minister Ong Ye Kung reassured the LGBT community that discrimination against the LGBTQ community at work, in housing and education will not be tolerated.[12] Since 2019, protections against anti-gay violence and aggravated discrimination were also put into legislation; Home Affairs and Law Minister K. Shanmugam stated that "LGBTQ persons, non-LGBTQ persons, we are all equal. We are not any lesser by reason of our sexual orientation."[2][13]

While Singaporean society is generally regarded as conservative, LGBT pride festivals such as Pink Dot have taken place every year since 2009 with increasing attendance amounting to the tens of thousands. In line with worldwide trends,[14] attitudes towards members of the LGBT community among Singaporeans are slowly changing and becoming more socially accepting and tolerant.[15]


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  1. ^ Chan Meng Choo (2011). "First sex reassignment surgery". Singapore Infopedia. National Library Board. Archived from the original on 1 June 2019. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
  2. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference today new leg was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference NFCOL was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Lum, Selina (28 February 2022). "Section 377A stays on the books, but cannot be used to prosecute men for having gay sex, rules Court of Appeal". AsiaOne. Singapore. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
  5. ^ a b Tang, Louisa (28 February 2022). "Apex court dismisses challenges to Section 377A, says it's 'unenforceable' and poses no threat of prosecution". Today. Singapore. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
  6. ^ Yuen-C, Tham (21 August 2022). "NDR 2022: Govt will repeal Section 377A, decriminalise sex between men". The Straits Times. Singapore. Retrieved 21 August 2022.
  7. ^ Sim, Dewey (21 August 2022). "Singapore to lift ban on gay sex, amend constitution to ban marriage equality". South China Morning Post. Hong Kong. Retrieved 21 August 2022.
  8. ^ "Singapore will decriminalize sex between men, prime minister says". Reuters. 21 August 2022. Retrieved 21 August 2022.
  9. ^ Yuen-C, Tham (22 August 2022). "Section 377A: Constitution will be amended to protect Parliament's right to define marriage, says Shanmugam". The Straits Times. Singapore. Retrieved 22 August 2022.
  10. ^ Goh, Han Yan (29 November 2022). "Parliament repeals Section 377A, endorses amendments protecting definition of marriage". The Straits Times. Singapore. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  11. ^ Tan, Yvette (17 December 2018). "Gay Singaporean man wins landmark appeal to adopt surrogate child". BBC News. Archived from the original on 17 December 2018. Retrieved 18 December 2018.
  12. ^ Loh, Viktor; Moktar, Faris (14 September 2018). "No discrimination against LGBTQ community at work, in housing and education here: Ong Ye Kung". Today. Singapore. Retrieved 26 August 2022.
  13. ^ Cite error: The named reference Shan was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  14. ^ "Views of Homosexuality Around the World". Pew Research Center's Global Attitudes Project. 25 June 2020. Retrieved 15 November 2020.
  15. ^ Cite error: The named reference today was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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