Late Paleozoic icehouse

The late Paleozoic icehouse, also known as the Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA) and formerly known as the Karoo ice age, was an ice age that began in the Late Devonian and ended in the Late Permian,^[1] occurring from 360 to 255 million years ago (Mya),^[2]^[3] and large land-based ice sheets were then present on Earth's surface.^[4] It was the second major icehouse period of the Phanerozoic, after the Late Ordovician Andean-Saharan glaciation.

^ Fedorchuk, Nicholas D.; Griffis, Neil Patrick; Isbell, John L.; Goso, César; Rosa, Eduardo L. M.; Montañez, Isabel Patricia; Yin, Qing-Zhu; Huyskens, Magdalena H.; Sanborn, Matthew E.; Mundil, Roland; Vesely, Fernando F.; Iannuzzi, Roberto (March 2022). "Provenance of late Paleozoic glacial/post-glacial deposits in the eastern Chaco-Paraná Basin, Uruguay and southernmost Paraná Basin, Brazil". Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 106: 102989. doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2020.102989. S2CID 228838061. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
^ Rosa, Eduardo L. M.; Isbell, John L. (2021). "Late Paleozoic Glaciation". In Alderton, David; Elias, Scott A. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Geology (2nd ed.). Academic Press. pp. 534–545. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-102908-4.00063-1. ISBN 978-0-08-102909-1. S2CID 226643402.
^ Kent, D.V.; Muttoni, G. (1 September 2020). "Pangea B and the Late Paleozoic Ice Age". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 553: 109753. Bibcode:2020PPP...553j9753K. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109753. S2CID 218953074. Retrieved 17 September 2022.
^ Montañez, Isabel P.; Poulsen, Christopher J. (2013-05-30). "The Late Paleozoic Ice Age: An Evolving Paradigm". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 41 (1): 629–656. Bibcode:2013AREPS..41..629M. doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.031208.100118. ISSN 0084-6597."The late Paleozoic icehouse was the longest-lived ice age of the Phanerozoic, and its demise constitutes the only recorded turnover to a greenhouse state."

[1] Fedorchuk, Nicholas D.; Griffis, Neil Patrick; Isbell, John L.; Goso, César; Rosa, Eduardo L. M.; Montañez, Isabel Patricia; Yin, Qing-Zhu; Huyskens, Magdalena H.; Sanborn, Matthew E.; Mundil, Roland; Vesely, Fernando F.; Iannuzzi, Roberto (March 2022). "Provenance of late Paleozoic glacial/post-glacial deposits in the eastern Chaco-Paraná Basin, Uruguay and southernmost Paraná Basin, Brazil". Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 106: 102989. doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2020.102989. S2CID 228838061. Retrieved 29 November 2022.

[RosaIsbell-2] Rosa, Eduardo L. M.; Isbell, John L. (2021). "Late Paleozoic Glaciation". In Alderton, David; Elias, Scott A. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Geology (2nd ed.). Academic Press. pp. 534–545. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-102908-4.00063-1. ISBN 978-0-08-102909-1. S2CID 226643402.

[PangaeaB-3] Kent, D.V.; Muttoni, G. (1 September 2020). "Pangea B and the Late Paleozoic Ice Age". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 553: 109753. Bibcode:2020PPP...553j9753K. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109753. S2CID 218953074. Retrieved 17 September 2022.

[EvolvingParadigm-4] Montañez, Isabel P.; Poulsen, Christopher J. (2013-05-30). "The Late Paleozoic Ice Age: An Evolving Paradigm". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 41 (1): 629–656. Bibcode:2013AREPS..41..629M. doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.031208.100118. ISSN 0084-6597."The late Paleozoic icehouse was the longest-lived ice age of the Phanerozoic, and its demise constitutes the only recorded turnover to a greenhouse state."

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