Back متلازمة أينشتاين Arabic Late Talker German Syndrome d'Einstein French Einsteins syndrom NB Fala tardia Portuguese Позднеговорящий ребёнок Russian Konuşma gecikmesi Turkish Hội chứng Einstein Vietnamese 爱因斯坦综合征 Chinese

Late talker

Late talker
Other namesEinstein syndrome[1]
SpecialtyDevelopmental Psychology
SymptomsLanguage delay
Risk factorsPoor language ability
TreatmentLanguage interventions: General Language Stimulation, Focused language stimulation, Milieu Teaching
FrequencyApprox. 13% of two-year-olds

A late talker is a toddler experiencing late language emergence (LLE),[2][3] which can also be an early or secondary sign of an autism spectrum disorder, or other developmental disorders, such as fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, intellectual disability, learning disability, social communication disorder, or specific language impairment.[1][4][5][6] Lack of language development, comprehension skills, and challenges with literacy skills are potential risks as late talkers age.[3] Outlook for late talkers with or without intervention is generally favorable.[7] Toddlers have a high probability of catching up to typical toddlers if early language interventions are put in place.[8][2] Language interventions include general language stimulation, focused language stimulation and milieu teaching.[9][10][11][12][13][14]

Speech pathologists are specialists who work with late talkers and provide individualised support for each child's unique needs.[9]

  1. ^ a b Camarata, Stephen (1 October 2014). "Five Minutes with Stephen Camarata". MIT Press. Archived from the original on 2021-12-01. Retrieved 20 May 2022.
  2. ^ a b Prelock PA, Hutchins TL (2018). "Understanding Late Talkers". In Prelock PA, Hutchins TL (eds.). Clinical Guide to Assessment and Treatment of Communication Disorders. Best Practices in Child and Adolescent Behavioral Health Care. Springer International Publishing. pp. 43–51. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93203-3_5. ISBN 978-3-319-93203-3.
  3. ^ a b "Late Language Emergence: Overview". American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. Retrieved 2020-05-24.
  4. ^ "Late Language Emergence: Overview". American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. Retrieved 2017-10-14.
  5. ^ Sanchack KE, Thomas CA (December 2016). "Autism Spectrum Disorder: Primary Care Principles". American Family Physician. 94 (12): 972–979. PMID 28075089.
  6. ^ Girolametto L, Pearce PS, Weitzman E (April 1997). "Effects of lexical intervention on the phonology of late talkers". Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research. 40 (2): 338–48. doi:10.1044/jslhr.4002.338. PMID 9130202.
  7. ^ Rapin I (February 2002). "Legitimacy of comparing fragile X with autism questioned". Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 32 (1): 60–1. doi:10.1023/A:1017956224167. PMID 11916334. S2CID 142779307.
  8. ^ Lowry L (2012). "How to tell if Your Child is a Late Talker – and What to Do about It". www.hanen.org. Retrieved 2020-05-24.
  9. ^ a b Girolametto L, Wiigs M, Smyth R, Weitzman E, Pearce PS (November 2001). "Children With a History of Expressive Vocabulary Delay". American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology. 10 (4): 358–369. doi:10.1044/1058-0360(2001/030).
  10. ^ Finestack L, Rescorla L, Dale P (2013). Late talkers : language development, interventions, and outcomes. Baltimore. pp. 283–289. ISBN 978-1-59857-253-7. OCLC 830646517.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  11. ^ "Language stimulation". Victoria State Government. Retrieved 2020-05-24.
  12. ^ Lederer SH (2002). "A Focused language Stimulation Approach: First Vocabulary for Children With Specific Language Impairment". Young Exceptional Children. 6 (1): 10–17. doi:10.1177/109625060200600102. S2CID 145521879.
  13. ^ Gilbert K (2008-10-01). "Milieu Communication Training for Late Talkers". Perspectives on Language Learning and Education. 15 (3): 112–118. doi:10.1044/lle15.3.112.
  14. ^ Wing C, Kohnert K, Pham G, Cordero KN, Ebert KD, Kan PF, Blaiser K (2007). "Culturally Consistent Treatment for Late Talkers". Communication Disorders Quarterly. 29 (1): 20–27. doi:10.1177/1525740108314862. S2CID 145181719.

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