Back حرب المحررين الأهلية Arabic Освободителна гражданска война Bulgarian মুক্তিদাতাদের গৃহযুদ্ধ Bengali/Bangla Tercera Guerra Civil Romana Catalan Tercera guerra civil de la República romana Spanish Toisen triumviraatin sota Caesarin murhaajia vastaan Finnish Guerre civile des Libérateurs French Cogadh cathartha na bhFuascailteoirí Irish Perang saudara Liberator ID 리베라토레스의 내전 Korean
 | This article duplicates the scope of other articles, specifically Battle of Philippi. (December 2021) |
| Liberators' civil war | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Crisis of the Roman Republic | |||||||||
 The Battle of Philippi | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
|
Second Triumvirate Supported by: Ptolemaic Egypt |
Liberatores Supported by: Parthian Empire[1] | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
|
Mark Antony Octavian Marcus Aemilius Lepidus |
Brutus  Cassius | ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
| 53,000–108,000 | 60,000–105,000 Romans, 20,000 Parthian cavalry | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| Total dead: 40,000[2] | |||||||||
The Liberators' civil war (43–42 BC) was started by the Second Triumvirate to avenge Julius Caesar's assassination. The war was fought by the forces of Mark Antony and Octavian (the Second Triumvirate members, or Triumvirs) against the forces of Caesar's assassins, led by Marcus Junius Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus, referred to as the Liberatores. The latter were defeated by the Triumvirs at the Battle of Philippi[3] in October 42 BC,[4][5] and committed suicide.[6] Brutus committed suicide after the second part of the battle.[7][8][9]
- ^ Dahlheim, Werner (2010). Augustus: Aufrührer, Herrscher, Heiland. Eine Biographie (in German). C.H. Beck. p. 111. ISBN 9783406605932.
- ^ Cartwright, Mark. "The Battle of Philippi 42 BCE". World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2023-06-08.
- ^ Crawford, Michael Hewson (1993). The Roman Republic. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-77927-3.
- ^ Shuckburgh, Evelyn Shirley (1903). Augustus: The Life and Times of the Founder of the Roman Empire [B.C. 63-A.D. 14]. T.F. Unwin.
- ^ Keppie, Lawrence (2002-01-04). The Making of the Roman Army: From Republic to Empire. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-74603-3.
- ^ Goldsworthy, Adrian (2014-08-28). Augustus: First Emperor of Rome. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-21007-1.
- ^ Sandys, Sir John Edwin (1921). A Companion to Latin Studies. University Press.
- ^ Appian (2006). The Civil Wars. ReadHowYouWant.com. ISBN 978-1-4429-3538-9.
- ^ Byrd, Robert C. (1995). The Senate of the Roman Republic: Addresses on the History of Roman Constitutionalism. Government Printing Office. ISBN 978-0-16-058996-6.
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