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Elections in Liechtenstein have been held since the ratification of the 1862 constitution in which the Landtag of Liechtenstein was established. Political parties did not exist in Liechtenstein until they were formed in 1918.[1] Before the ratification of the 1921 constitution, the head of government was not elected, but rather appointed by the prince of Liechtenstein, thus elections were only held to elect members of the Landtag.[2][3] Under the constitution general elections are held for the members of the Landtag of Liechtenstein, who then elect the prime minister. As of 2021, there have been 48 general elections held in Liechtenstein.
In 1939 the voting system was changed to introduce proportional representation.[4] The Landtag had 15 seats until a referendum in 1988 increased this to 25.[5] Women were not allowed to vote in elections until 1984 when universal male suffrage was replaced with universal suffrage in the constitution.[6]
- ^ "History". Fürstentum Liechtenstein. Government of Liechtenstein Marketing. Archived from the original on 21 February 2014. Retrieved 13 February 2014.
- ^ Wille, Herbert (31 December 2011). "Verfassung". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 24 December 2023.
- ^ "Mitglieder der Regierung des Fürstentums Liechtenstein 1862-2021" (PDF). www.regierung.li. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 February 2024. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
- ^ Nohlen & Stöver 2010, p. 1159.
- ^ Nohlen & Stöver 2010, p. 1175.
- ^ Publications, Europa (2002-11-30). Western Europe 2003. Psychology Press. ISBN 978-1-85743-152-0.
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