Lithium hydroxide

Lithium hydroxide
	; Li+ O2− H+
Names
	IUPAC name Lithium hydroxide
Identifiers
CAS Number	1310-65-2 ; 1310-66-3 (monohydrate) ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:33979;
ChemSpider	3802 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.013.804
Gmelin Reference	68415
PubChem CID	3939;
RTECS number	OJ6307070;
UNII	903YL31JAS ; G51XLP968G (monohydrate) ;
UN number	2680
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID70893845 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/Li.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1 Key: WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M ; InChI=1/Li.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1 Key: WMFOQBRAJBCJND-REWHXWO;
	SMILES [Li+].[OH-];
Properties
Chemical formula	LiOH
Molar mass	23.95 g/mol (anhydrous); 41.96 g/mol (monohydrate);
Appearance	Hygroscopic white solid
Odor	none
Density	1.46 g/cm3 (anhydrous); 1.51 g/cm3 (monohydrate);
Melting point	462 °C (864 °F; 735 K)
Boiling point	924 °C (1,695 °F; 1,197 K) (decomposes)
Solubility in water	anhydrous:; 12.7 g/(100 mL) (0 °C); 12.8 g/(100 mL) (20 °C); 17.5 g/(100 mL) (100 °C); ; monohydrate:; 22.3 g/(100 mL) (10 °C); 26.8 g/(100 mL) (80 °C);
Solubility in methanol	9.76 g/(100 g) (anhydrous; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing); 13.69 g/(100 g) (monohydrate; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing);
Solubility in ethanol	2.36 g/(100 g) (anhydrous; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing); 2.18 g/(100 g) (monohydrate; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing);
Solubility in isopropanol	0 g/(100 g) (anhydrous; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing); 0.11 g/(100 g) (monohydrate; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing);
Acidity (pKa)	14.4
Conjugate base	Lithium monoxide anion
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−12.3·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.464 (anhydrous); 1.460 (monohydrate);
Dipole moment	4.754 D
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	49.6 J/(mol·K)
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	42.8 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−487.5 kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵)	−441.5 kJ/mol
Enthalpy of fusion (ΔfH⦵fus)	20.9 kJ/mol (at melting point)
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Corrosive
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	3 0 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	210 mg/kg (oral, rat)
Safety data sheet (SDS)	"ICSC 0913".; "ICSC 0914". (monohydrate)
Related compounds
Other anions	Lithium amide
Other cations	Sodium hydroxide; Potassium hydroxide; Rubidium hydroxide; Caesium hydroxide;
Related compounds	Lithium oxide
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Lithium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula LiOH. It can exist as anhydrous or hydrated, and both forms are white hygroscopic solids. They are soluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol. Both are available commercially. While classified as a strong base, lithium hydroxide is the weakest known alkali metal hydroxide.

^ Lide, David R., ed. (2006). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87th ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3.
^ ^a ^b ^c Khosravi J (2007). Production of Lithium Peroxide and Lithium Oxide in an Alcohol Medium. Chapter 9: Results. ISBN 978-0-494-38597-5.
^ Popov K, Lajunen LH, Popov A, Rönkkömäki H, Hannu-Kuure H, Vendilo A (2002). "⁷Li, ²³Na, ³⁹K and ¹³³Cs NMR comparative equilibrium study of alkali metal cation hydroxide complexes in aqueous solutions. First numerical value for CsOH formation". Inorganic Chemistry Communications. 5 (3): 223–225. doi:10.1016/S1387-7003(02)00335-0. Retrieved 21 January 2017.
^ CRC handbook of chemistry and physics : a ready-reference book of chemical and physical data. William M. Haynes, David R. Lide, Thomas J. Bruno (2016-2017, 97th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida. 2016. ISBN 978-1-4987-5428-6. OCLC 930681942.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
^ CRC handbook of chemistry and physics : a ready-reference book of chemical and physical data. William M. Haynes, David R. Lide, Thomas J. Bruno (2016-2017, 97th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida. 2016. ISBN 978-1-4987-5428-6. OCLC 930681942.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
^ Chambers M. "ChemIDplus – 1310-65-2 – WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M – Lithium hydroxide anhydrous – Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information". chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 12 April 2018.

[1] Lide, David R., ed. (2006). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87th ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3.

[Khosravi-2] Khosravi J (2007). Production of Lithium Peroxide and Lithium Oxide in an Alcohol Medium. Chapter 9: Results. ISBN 978-0-494-38597-5.

[3] Popov K, Lajunen LH, Popov A, Rönkkömäki H, Hannu-Kuure H, Vendilo A (2002). "⁷Li, ²³Na, ³⁹K and ¹³³Cs NMR comparative equilibrium study of alkali metal cation hydroxide complexes in aqueous solutions. First numerical value for CsOH formation". Inorganic Chemistry Communications. 5 (3): 223–225. doi:10.1016/S1387-7003(02)00335-0. Retrieved 21 January 2017.

[4] CRC handbook of chemistry and physics : a ready-reference book of chemical and physical data. William M. Haynes, David R. Lide, Thomas J. Bruno (2016-2017, 97th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida. 2016. ISBN 978-1-4987-5428-6. OCLC 930681942.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)

[5] CRC handbook of chemistry and physics : a ready-reference book of chemical and physical data. William M. Haynes, David R. Lide, Thomas J. Bruno (2016-2017, 97th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida. 2016. ISBN 978-1-4987-5428-6. OCLC 930681942.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)

[6] Chambers M. "ChemIDplus – 1310-65-2 – WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M – Lithium hydroxide anhydrous – Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information". chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 12 April 2018.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

Names


Li⁺ O²⁻ H⁺

IUPAC name Lithium hydroxide
Identifiers
CAS Number	1310-65-2^Y 1310-66-3 (monohydrate)^Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:33979
ChemSpider	3802^Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.013.804
Gmelin Reference	68415
PubChem CID	3939
RTECS number	OJ6307070
UNII	903YL31JAS^Y G51XLP968G (monohydrate)^Y
UN number	2680
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID70893845
InChI InChI=1S/Li.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1^Y Key: WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M^Y InChI=1/Li.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1 Key: WMFOQBRAJBCJND-REWHXWO
SMILES [Li+].[OH-]
Properties
Chemical formula	LiOH
Molar mass	23.95 g/mol (anhydrous) 41.96 g/mol (monohydrate)
Appearance	Hygroscopic white solid
Odor	none
Density	1.46 g/cm³ (anhydrous) 1.51 g/cm³ (monohydrate)
Melting point	462 °C (864 °F; 735 K)
Boiling point	924 °C (1,695 °F; 1,197 K) (decomposes)
Solubility in water	anhydrous: 12.7 g/(100 mL) (0 °C) 12.8 g/(100 mL) (20 °C) 17.5 g/(100 mL) (100 °C) monohydrate: 22.3 g/(100 mL) (10 °C) 26.8 g/(100 mL) (80 °C)^[1]
Solubility in methanol	9.76 g/(100 g) (anhydrous; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing) 13.69 g/(100 g) (monohydrate; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing)^[2]
Solubility in ethanol	2.36 g/(100 g) (anhydrous; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing) 2.18 g/(100 g) (monohydrate; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing)^[2]
Solubility in isopropanol	0 g/(100 g) (anhydrous; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing) 0.11 g/(100 g) (monohydrate; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing)^[2]
Acidity (pK_a)	14.4^[3]
Conjugate base	Lithium monoxide anion
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−12.3·10⁻⁶ cm³/mol
Refractive index (n_D)	1.464 (anhydrous) 1.460 (monohydrate)
Dipole moment	4.754 D^[4]
Thermochemistry^[5]
Heat capacity (C)	49.6 J/(mol·K)
Std molar entropy (S^⦵₂₉₈)	42.8 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy of formation (Δ_fH^⦵₂₉₈)	−487.5 kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy (Δ_fG^⦵)	−441.5 kJ/mol
Enthalpy of fusion (Δ_fH^⦵_fus)	20.9 kJ/mol (at melting point)
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Corrosive
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	3 0 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD₅₀ (median dose)	210 mg/kg (oral, rat)^[6]
Safety data sheet (SDS)	"ICSC 0913". "ICSC 0914". (monohydrate)
Related compounds
Other anions	Lithium amide
Other cations	Sodium hydroxide Potassium hydroxide Rubidium hydroxide Caesium hydroxide
Related compounds	Lithium oxide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is ^YN ?) Infobox references